rasp

See also: RaSP

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ɹɑːsp/, /ɹæsp/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ɹæsp/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑːsp, -æsp

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-

Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreb / *(s)krebʰ-

Proto-Germanic *hrepsaną / *hrepspaną

Proto-Germanic *hrespaną

Proto-Germanic *hraspōną

Frankish *hraspōnbor.

Vulgar Latin *raspāre

Old French rasperbor.

Middle English raspen

English rasp

Inherited from Middle English raspen (“to scratch, scrape”), borrowed from Old French rasper (“to grate, scratch”), from Vulgar Latin *raspāre (“to scrape; to scratch”), borrowed from Frankish *hraspōn (“to rasp or grate”), from Proto-Germanic *hraspōną (same meaning, plus “to steal”), from *hrespaną (“to tear, rip; to plunder”).

Compare Old High German raspōn (“to gather, rake”), Old English ġehrespan (“to plunder”).

The noun is from Middle French raspe (whence Modern French râpe), deverbal of rasper, from Old French rasper (see above).

a wooden rasp

Noun

rasp (plural rasps)

2. A coarse file or filelike tool, on which the cutting prominences are distinct points raised by the oblique stroke of a sharp punch, instead of lines raised by a chisel, as on the true file.

   Hypernyms: file (sometimes construed as coordinate) < tool

4. The sound made by this tool when used, or any similar sound.

   Coordinate term: grating

   the rasp of her perpetual cough

Hypernyms

• file

Derived terms

• rasp coral
• rasp-house
• raspish
• rasplike
• rasp palm

Translations

coarse file — see also file

• Arabic: عَرْمُوش m (ʕarmūš), مِكْشَط m (mikšaṭ)
• Assamese: ৰেতি (reti), ও (ü)
• Azerbaijani: törpü
• Bashkir: эре игәү (ere igəw)
• Bulgarian: раш пила f (raš pila)
• Burmese: ကျားလျှာ (my) (kya:hlya)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 銼刀 / 锉刀 (zh) (cuòdāo)

• Czech: rašple (cs) f
• Danish: rasp (da)
• Dutch: rasp (nl) f
• Esperanto: raspilo
• Estonian: raspel
• Finnish: raspi (fi)
• French: râpe (fr) f
• Galician: grosa f, raspa f
• German: Raspel (de) f
• Greek:

  Ancient Greek: please add this translation if you can

• Hungarian: ráspoly (hu), reszelő (hu)
• Italian: scuffina f, raspa (it) f
• Japanese: 鑢 (ja) (やすり, yasuri)
• Korean: 줄 (ko) (jul)
• Latin: grosa f, līma f
• Macedonian: турпија f (turpija)
• Māori: waku kaitara, waku
• Navajo: bee achʼiishí, tsin bee yichʼiishí, tsin bee yigołí
• Norwegian: rasp
• Occitan: raspa (oc)
• Polish: tarnik (pl) m
• Portuguese: grosa (pt) f, raspa (pt) f, raspadeira (pt) f
• Russian: ра́шпиль (ru) m (rášpilʹ)
• Scottish Gaelic: eighe f, rusp m
• Serbo-Croatian: rašpa (sh) f, turpija (sh) f
• Spanish: escofina (es) f
• Swahili: tupa (sw)
• Swedish: rasp (sv)
• Thai: บุ้ง (th) (bûng)
• Turkish: törpü (tr)

  Ottoman Turkish: اگه (eğe), تورپو (törpü), راسپه (raspa), مبرد (mibred), سوهان (suhan)

• Ukrainian: ра́шпіль m (rášpilʹ)

sound made by a rasp

• Bulgarian: стържене n (stăržene)
• Finnish: rahina
• French: râpement (fr)
• Hungarian: csikorgás (hu)
• Māori: ngākeke
• Occitan: raspament
• Portuguese: raspa (pt) f
• Russian: скре́жет (ru) m (skréžet)
• Turkish: törpü sesi

Verb

rasp (third-person singular simple present rasps, present participle rasping, simple past and past participle rasped)

1. (intransitive) To use a rasp.
2. (intransitive) To make a noise similar to the one a rasp makes in use; to utter rasps.
3. To say in a raspy voice.
   • 2012, David Walliams [pseudonym; David Edward Williams], Ratburger, London: HarperCollins Children’s Books, →ISBN:

     “No. I am going to feed you to the children,” rasped Burt, his laugh rattling around his throat, prising Dad’s fingers one by one off his apron.

4. (transitive) To work something with a rasp.

   to rasp wood to make it smooth

   to rasp bones to powder

5. (ambitransitive, figurative) To grate harshly upon; to offend by coarse or rough treatment or language.

   Some sounds rasp the ear.

   His insults rasped my temper.

Translations

to use a rasp

• Bashkir: ҡырыу (qırıw), игәү (igəw)
• Bulgarian: пиля (bg) (pilja)
• Czech: rašplovat
• Finnish: raspata
• French: râper (fr)
• German: raspeln (de)
• Italian: scuffinare
• Occitan: raspar (oc)
• Portuguese: grosar
• Russian: обдира́ть (ru) (obdirátʹ), тере́ть (ru) (terétʹ), опи́ливать (ru) (opílivatʹ)
• Spanish: raspar (es), escofinar (es)
• Turkish: törpülemek (tr)

  Ottoman Turkish: تورپولمك (törpülemek)

to make a noise like that of a rasp

• Bulgarian: стържа (bg) (stărža)
• Finnish: rahista
• Māori: ngākeke
• Occitan: raspar (oc)
• Portuguese: raspar (pt)
• Russian: скрести́ (ru) (skrestí)
• Swedish: raspa (sv)

to work something with a rasp

• Bulgarian: изпилявам (izpiljavam)
• Estonian: raspeldama
• Finnish: raspata
• Occitan: raspar (oc)
• Portuguese: grosar

to grate or rub roughly

• Bulgarian: остъргвам (bg) (ostărgvam)
• Māori: kauhoro, hikahika, ngakeke

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• French: ^{(please verify)} grincer (fr)

Etymology 2

Probably from earlier raspis (“raspberry”), mistaken as a plural. Further origin unknown.

Alternative forms

• resp (obsolete)

Noun

rasp (plural rasps)

1. (now rare) The raspberry.
   • 1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:

     Set sorrel amongst rasps, and the rasps will be smaller.

Hypernyms

• berry

Anagrams

• APRs, Arps, PSRA, RAPs, arps, pars, raps, sapr-, spar

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rɑsp/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑsp

Etymology 1

16th century, from Middle French raspe, from Old French raspe (“steel file”); see modern French râper (“to grate”).

Noun

rasp f (plural raspen, diminutive raspje n)

1. grater, for example for cheese
2. surform tool

Derived terms

• citroenrasp
• raspen
• rasperig

Descendants

• Berbice Creole Dutch: raspru
• → Papiamentu: raspu, rasp

Noun

rasp f or n (uncountable, no diminutive)

1. grating (loose material that comes from something being grated), (particularly) zest

   Synonym: raspsel

Derived terms

• citroenrasp
• sinaasappelrasp

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

rasp

1. inflection of raspen:
   1. first-person singular present indicative
   2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
   3. imperative

Icelandic

Etymology

Borrowed from Danish raspe (“to grate”), from German.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈrasp]

Noun

rasp n (genitive singular rasps, no plural)

1. (cooking) breadcrumbs

Declension

Declension of rasp (sg-only neuter)

	singular
	indefinite	definite
nominative	rasp	raspið
accusative	rasp	raspið
dative	raspi	raspinu
genitive	rasps	raspsins

See also

• brauðmylsna (“breadcrumbs”) (non-culinary)

Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

rasp

1. imperative of raspe