Conditioned
taste aversion (CTA), that is, an acquired aversion to a taste stimulus (or more than one) after its association with gastrointestinal malaise, is an adaptive learning that facilitates the survival of many species (Bernstein, 1999; Lubow, 2009).
Gulls can be deterred from using nesting sites with netting, barriers and
taste aversion gels.
This process of conditioning as
taste aversion can be a useful behavioral tool to train livestock to avoid some toxic plants (RALPHS & PROVENZA, 1999).
More recently, using a conditioned
taste aversion procedure with rats, Bernal-Gamboa et al.
In the present study on running-based
taste aversion, we likewise expected a successful demonstration of context discrimination, not only because many features of Pavlovian conditioning are shared by running- and poison-based
taste aversions (see above), but also because some studies suggest a similarity between running and LiCl in the physiological processes causing
taste aversion (Dwyer, Boakes, & Hayward, 2008; Nakajima, Urata, & Ogawa, 2006).
A newly published study, performed by a research group at Baldwin Wallace University, independently demonstrated the proprietary ingredient Magtein from AIDP--designed to improve memory, recognition and learning--enhanced the memory lead to the consolidation and retention of conditioned
taste aversion in rats.
In vivo effects of intracortical administration of NMDA and metabotropic glutamate receptors antagonists on neocortical long-term potentiation and conditioned
taste aversion. Behavioural Brain Research, 129, 101-106.
Nausea, as well as
taste aversion or preferences, may originate from signals processed in the parabrachial nucleus.
Conditioned
taste aversion (CTA) is thought to be an adaptive trait that enables the organism to avoid poisonous substances.
For example, the insular cortex has been shown to be involved in incentive memory (Balleine and Dickinson, 2000), the consolidation of object memory (Bermudez-Rattoni et al., 2005), the acquisition and consolidation of inhibitory avoidance (Mello e Souza et al., 2001; Miranda and McGaugh, 2004), and the consolidation of conditioned
taste aversion (Miranda and McGaugh, 2004).
For both, reducing the value of the reward (e.g., by selective satiety, in which the animal is sated on the particular reward offered but not other rewards) or
taste aversion induction (in which a particular food is paired with an injection of lithium chloride that results in gastric discomfort) can reduce performance (Colwill and Rescorla 1985; Yin and Knowlton 2002).
Conditioned
taste aversion; behavioral and neural processes.