The great clarinetist born Arthur Jacob Arshawsky put the matter this way, as recorded in a biography written by the child-actor-turned-writer Tom Nolan, Three Chords for Beauty's Sake: The Life of Artie Shaw (Norton, May): "In those days," the musician recalled, "you had to be a Gentile in America, to work," and anyhow he didn't feel Jewish.
Born Arthur Jacob Arshawsky to Yiddishspeaking parents in East Manhattan, he was conscious of anti-Semitism from an early age and this may have encouraged his own liberal views on race in a generally intolerant society.