Plinian eruption

In the violent Plinian eruption, there is a larger quantity of pyroclastic flow with pumice and the eruption collapses the top of the cone resulting in a caldera.

If liquid water produced below the surface of an icy satellite contains a large enough amount of volatiles like ammonia or methane, it will erupt explosively at high speed in what, near the vent, is the equivalent of a Plinian eruption. The expanding volatiles will cause the eruption cloud to spread sideways (like the umbrella-shaped plumes on Io) and disperse the water droplets, rapidly freezing to hailstones, over a wide area.

"However, following Plinian eruptions, the rain belt moves away from the hemisphere where the volcano is located.

Researchers utilized two different state-of-the-art general circulation models for the period 850-1850 to study how large and powerful volcanic explosions known as Plinian eruptions affected the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ)--the narrow band of convective rain clouds near the equator where the northeast and southeast trade winds converge and which has a significant influence on precipitation across the tropical world.