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The counterfactual thinking appears to be a constructive process that requires of the integration of different cognitive functions and psychological processes which depend on an integrative network of systems for effective processing, mental simulation, and cognitive control, including cortical and subcortical structures (1,8,9).
Our study demonstrated the first results about the relationship between counterfactual inference and intimate partner violence in a healthy/high socioeconomic women group.
How women with intimate partner violence (IPV) reason about other's intentions: effect of IPV on counterfactual inferences among healthy high socioeconomic level women from Turkey
Second, the list of counterfactuals can be very long.
Stuff Happens: Understanding Causation in Policy and Strategy
Table 3 presents aggregate per-beneficiary defensive medicine costs for our three counterfactuals. Eliminating all physician malpractice fears (our first counterfactual) is associated with a decrease in Medicare costs by over 20 percent, or $2,192 per beneficiary (in 2015 dollars).
Malpractice Claim Fears and the Costs of Treating Medicare Patients: A New Approach to Estimating the Costs of Defensive Medicine
covering a range of diverse counterfactuals corresponding to relevant or
COUNTERFACTUAL EXPLANATIONS WITHOUT OPENING THE BLACK BOX: AUTOMATED DECISIONS AND THE GDPR
"In Counterfactuals We're All Dead," Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics 15, no.
FREEDOM, COUNTERFACTUALS AND ECONOMIC LAWS: FURTHER COMMENTS ON MACHAJ AND HULSMANN
me" is emphatically not one of the alternative selves proposed by the poem's many counterfactuals; nor is it the "minute[ly] definite" protagonist of a novel, defined in opposition to the many lives she could have lived.
"We should be that Iago": counterfactual sympathy and the lyric "we" in Augusta Webster's Portraits and A Housewife's Opinions
Chapters 1 and 2 investigate the ways in which human and ecological loss can be justified and essentially rebranded as a necessary sacrifice through an upward counterfactual that promises to do better next time, relying upon the state as an arbiter between industry and public outcry.
Jon Gordon. Unsustainable Oil: Facts, Counterfacts, and Fictions
A parallel move away from economic counterfactuals towards specifying alternative decision making scenarios for decision-making entrepreneurs would be a step forward here (Toms and Beck 2007).
Historical research approaches to the analysis of internationalisation
Despite its dating back to the eighteenth century, the above counterfactual definition and the general approach to causality that it implies is still relevant.
Causal counterfactual theory for the attribution of weather and climate-related events: causal counterfactual theory provides clear semantics and sound logic for causal reasoning and may help foster research on, and clarify dissemination of, weather and climate-related event attribution
Irrelevance of secondary counterfactuals: The truth-value of a contrastive causal claim does not depend on the truth value of any secondary counterfactual associated with that claim.
A defense of the contrastive theory of causation
For that purpose, we compare actual GDP with the two counterfactuals in Fig.
Is it Abenomics or post-disaster recovery? a counterfactual analysis
Philosophers, more drily, call them 'counterfactuals. (19) Much research today is focused on the fact that at a very early age children possess abilities not only to know the world in terms of reality but also in terms of possibilities and can use these abilities to change the world itself.
What the brain sciences might tell us about our making of and engaging with strange fictions
The counterfactual is a category of thought and language.
Counterfactuals: Paths of the Might Have Been
This human skill is known as counterfactual reasoning, or thinking (CFT), and consists of the "tendency for people to imagine alternative outcomes to events that have actually occurred" [12].
Counterfactual thinking in Tourette's syndrome: a study using three measures
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