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  3. Colonial governor of Algeria's sign defaced in Paris

    Ahmed Rouaba

    BBC News

    Anti-racism campaigners in France have defaced a street sign in the capital named after Thomas Bugeaud, a former military commander and the first colonial governor of Algeria.

    Members of the group SOS Racisme decided that Avenue Bugeaud in Paris should be renamed and put up a sign in its place reading: “Avenue of the Butcher Bugeaud".

    In the explanation below, instead of saying he was a French marshal and giving his dates 1784-1849, it labels him a "war criminal" and "the executioner of Algeria's conquest", according to a photo the group tweeted.

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    Le Parisien newspaper says a sign was added next to it, saying: “Scorched Earth Avenue”.

    These are references to Marshal Bugeaud’s military tactics during his conquest of the North African nation in 1830.

    A scorched-earth policy - including the burning of all crops and demolishing of homes - was used.

    Algerians who resisted were often killed. Another technique his troops used was called “smoking”, when those who had taken refuge in caves were suffocated with smoke.

    Activists in France have been urging the authorities to rename public areas named after controversial figures like Marshal Bugeaud and those involved in the slave trade

    They have pinpointed about 200 streets and squares in Paris that have controversial colonial references.

    Since coming to power, France’s President Emmanuel Macron has been trying to repair relations with Algeria, especially concerning the bitter war of independence - however he has stopped short of issuing an apology.

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