Endochondral ossification occurs at the medial border and lateral angle of the scapula, where OC commonly develops.
Endochondral ossification: how cartilage is converted into bone in the developing skeleton.
The stimulation promoted cell histodifferentiation and proliferation, initiating the cascade of
endochondral ossification events.
Effect of alendronate on
endochondral ossification in mandibular condyles of growing rats.
[sup][9],[10],[11],[12],[13] Other important genes and transcription factors involved in signaling pathways related to selected
endochondral ossification included the following: DKK1 in the Wnt signaling pathway; BMP6 , BMP4 , and BMP2 in the BMP signaling pathway; DMP1 and MGP in the matrix mineralization pathway; IHH in the hedgehog signaling pathway; and RUNX2 - and SRY-related high mobility group-box gene 9 in transcription factors related to ossification.
At week 1 post-fracture, in the control group, moderate staining for BMP-2 was seen in osteogenic cells, fibroblast-like cells or chondrocytes, osteoblasts in the subperiosteal bone, proliferating chondrocytes and osteoblasts in the trabecular bone near the
endochondral ossification front.
HOA1 (hydroxyacid oxidase 1) on 20p12.3, RSPO2 (R-spondin 2) on 8q23.1 and CCDC91 (coiled-coil domain containing 91) 12p11.22 are implicated in the
endochondral ossification process.
Theories such as aberrant joint loading and issues with epiphyseal
endochondral ossification have also been suggested to contribute to the proposed multifaceted etiology of JOCD of the knee.
Endochondral ossification of retained fetal bones is the most widely accepted aetiological hypothesis.