Warren, 1987: Oceanic phytoplankton, atmospheric sulphur,
cloud albedo and climate.
In addition, it should be pointed out the role of cloud albedo in climatic monitoring and analysis studied by Mueller et al.
The role of the effective cloud albedo for climate monitoring and analysis.
We compare fractional cloud albedo a for CTD and non-CTD cases through frequency distributions in Fig.
where [[alpha].sub.c] is fractional cloud albedo. Upon calculating [[alpha].sub.c], the TOA [CRF.sub.SW] may be estimated as
Such radiometers have the potential to provide an additional fundamental cloud observation that can help connect the observations to models and quantify the cloud albedo and rain susceptibilities, or how much the cloud albedo and rain vary as a function of droplet number and LWP (Terai et al.
The upwelling broadband irradiance spanning 200-3,600 nm was independently measured, and in combination with a downwelling broadband irradiance modeled on the spectral HARP irradiances, cloud albedo can be estimated.
Aside from the aerosol direct effect (i.e., aerosol-radiation interactions), aerosols interact with cloud particles to modulate the
cloud albedo and lifetime (Twomey 1974; Albrecht 1989).
9 shows 0.63-[micro]m total-sky albedo, which is the
cloud albedo weighted against surface albedo for clear-sky portions of a scene.
Furthermore, it was agreed that stratocumulus
cloud albedo is sensitive to both natural and anthropogenic atmospheric aerosols (Twomey 1974, 1977), which are both produced in the SEP by desert dust, the ocean, copper smelters (Huneeus et al.