yr

See also: Ýr, уг, үг, and -ýř

English

Etymology 1

Noun

yr (plural yrs)

2. Abbreviation of year.

   Alternative forms: y, a (“annum”)

Etymology 2

Determiner

yr

1. Abbreviation of your.
   • 1985 December 7, “Albert in NYC (personal advertisement)”, in Gay Community News, volume 13, number 21, page 13:

     Got yr card. Problem is: don't have yr address! Wd love to see you. Write w/number! xo Jeremy.

   • 2012, Zadie Smith, NW, London: Penguin Books, published 2013, →ISBN, page 136:

     On her street he reached into his pocket, pulled out his phone and typed: On yr St. U free? The answer came back: Door open.

Etymology 3

Contraction

yr

1. (Internet slang, text messaging) Contraction of you +‎ are.

Etymology 4

Learned borrowing from Old English ȳr, the literal translation of which is uncertain: perhaps “yew” or “bow (made of yew)”, based on Old Norse ýr.

Pronunciation

• (learned, academic) IPA^(key): /yːr/

Noun

yr

1. A letter of the Anglo-Saxon runic alphabet, ᚣ, representing the vowel sounds /y/ and /yː/ in Old English.

Anagrams

• -ry, Ry.

Cornish

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *ir (compare Welsh ir), from Proto-Celtic *ɸūros, from Proto-Indo-European *puHrós, from Proto-Indo-European *pewH- (“to be clean, pure”). Compare Irish úr.

Pronunciation

• (Revived Middle Cornish) IPA^(key): [ɪːr]
• (Revived Late Cornish) IPA^(key): [iːr]

Adjective

yr (comparative yrra / moy yr, superlative an moyha yr / an yrra)

1. fresh

   Synonyms: fresk, kriv, kro, nowydh

Derived terms

• yrder (“freshness”)
• yrhe (“freshen”, verb)

References

• “yr” in Cornish Dictionary / Gerlyver Kernewek, Akademi Kernewek.
• Akademi Kernewek Gerlyver Kernewek (FSS) Cornish Dictionary (SWF) (in Cornish), 2018, published 2018, page 194

Demotic Egyptian

Etymology

From Egyptian

(jtrw, “river”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /joʔɾ/, /joɾ/

Noun

⁠⁠⁠⁠ (yr) m

1. river, canal

Alternative forms

• ⁠⁠⁠⁠ (yꜥr)

Derived terms

• yr-ꜥꜣ

Descendants

• Bohairic Coptic: ⲓⲟⲣ (ior)
• Sahidic Coptic: ⲉⲓⲟⲟⲣ (eioor)

References

• Erichsen, Wolja (1954), Demotisches Glossar, Copenhagen: Ejnar Munksgaard, page 50
• Janet H. Johnson, editor (2001), The Demotic Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago‎^[1], volume Y (01.1), Chicago: The University of Chicago, page 11

Kipchak

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *yïr (“song”)

Noun

yr (ïr)(Codex Cumanicus)

1. song

Descendants

• Kumyk: йыр (yır)
• Karachay-Balkar: джыр (cır)
• Crimean Tatar: yır

Further reading

• Argunşah, Mustafa; Güner, Galip (2015), Codex Cumanicus (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 1491), 2022 edition, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, →ISBN, page 165

Middle Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ər/

Etymology 1

From Old Welsh ir, ultimately from Proto-Celtic *sindos.

Alternative forms

• ’r (used after vowels)
• y (used before consonants other than h)

Article

yr (definite)

1. the

Etymology 2

Uncertain. Certainly not the definite article, as it appears before proper nouns and personal pronouns, neither of which is normally preceded by the article. Held by Morris Jones and Evans to be originally a deponent ending; thus heb yr would be originally a single word, from something like *sekʷ‑re. However, there is no evidence that Proto-Celtic *sekʷeti or Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to say”) ever took deponent endings, nor is *‑re a known deponent verb ending.

Alternative forms

• y (before a consonant other than h)

Particle

yr

1. meaningless particle used after heb (“says, said”)
   • 14th century, anonymous author, edited by R. L. Thomson, Pwyll Pendeuic Dyuet (Mediaeval and Modern Welsh Series; vol. I), Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, published 1980, page 5, lines 116–17:

     ‘A unben,’ heb yr Hafgan, ‘pa dylyet a oed iti ar uy angheu i?’

     “O Chieftain,” said Havgan, “what right hast thou to cause my death?”

     (translation by Charlotte Guest)

Etymology 3

Particle

yr

1. (rare) alternative form of yð

Conjunction

yr

1. (rare) alternative form of yð

Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /yːr/, [yːɾ], [yːʁ]

Etymology 1

From yre (“to drizzle”). Cognate to Swedish yr.

Noun

yr n (definite singular yret, indefinite plural yr, definite plural yra or yrene)

1. (weather, rain) drizzle

Etymology 2

From yre (“to swarm, teem”).

Noun

yr n (definite singular yret, indefinite plural yr, definite plural yra or yrene)

1. a myriad, swarm

Etymology 3

Unknown

Adjective

yr (masculine and feminine yr, neuter yrt, definite singular and plural yre, comparative yrere, indefinite superlative yrest, definite superlative yreste)

1. cheerful, jolly, merry

References

• “yr” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “yr” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

Norwegian Nynorsk

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /yːr/, [yːɾ], [yːʁ]

Etymology 1

From yre (“to drizzle”). Cognate to Swedish yr.

Noun

yr n (definite singular yret, indefinite plural yr, definite plural yra)

1. (weather) drizzle

Etymology 2

From yre (“to swarm, teem”).

Noun

yr n (definite singular yret, indefinite plural yr, definite plural yra)

1. a myriad, swarm

Etymology 3

Unknown

Adjective

yr (neuter yrt, definite singular and plural yre, comparative yrare, indefinite superlative yrast, definite superlative yraste)

1. cheerful, jolly, merry

References

• “yr” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Etymology

Probably borrowed from Old Norse ýr (“yew, a bow, the runic letter ᛦ”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /yːr/
• Rhymes: -yːr

Noun

ȳr m

1. the runic character ᚣ (/y(ː)/)
   • 9th c., The Old English rune poem:

     ᚣ (yr) byþ æþelinga and eorla ġehwǣs wyn and wyrþmynd; byþ on wiċġe fæġer, fæstlīc on færelde fyrdġeatewa sum.

     ᚣ (bow) is for princes and earls alike Delight and an honor; it is fair on horse, Reliable on the journey, a real piece of war-gear!

Portuguese

Verb

yr (first-person singular present indicative vou, past participle ydo)

1. obsolete spelling of ir

Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /yːr/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -yːr

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Swedish ø̄r, yr, from Old Norse ǿrr.

Adjective

yr

1. dizzy

   Synonym: snurrig

   yr i huvudet ― dizzy (literally, “dizzy in the head”)

   yr i mössan (colloquial) ― dizzy (literally, “dizzy in the hat”)

2. lively, jolly, skittish

   Synonym: livlig

Inflection

Inflection of yr

Indefinite	positive	comparative	superlative1
common singular	yr	yrare	yrast
neuter singular	yrt	yrare	yrast
plural	yra	yrare	yrast
masculine plural2	yre	yrare	yrast
Definite	positive	comparative	superlative
masculine singular3	yre	yrare	yraste
all	yra	yrare	yraste

¹ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
² Dated or archaic.
³ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

Derived terms

• yra (“to be delirious”)
• yrsel (“dizziness”)
• yrvaken (“half-awake”)

Further reading

• “yr”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)
• yr in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

Etymology 2

Verb

yr

1. present indicative of yra
2. imperative of yra

Etymology 3

From yra and ur with related senses. Cognate to Norwegian Bokmål yr, Norwegian Nynorsk yr.

Noun

yr n

2. alternative form of ur
3. alternative form of yra
4. swirling dust or substance
5. water splash drizzle, spray

Alternative forms

• ur
• yra

Derived terms

• sandyr, variant of sandyra (“sand's whirling; sand drift; sand drifting with the wind”)
• snöyr (“snowstorm, snowfall, flurry”)
• yrsnö (“swirling snow”)
• yrväder (“annoying precipitation”)

Related terms

• ur
• yra

Anagrams

• ry.

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ər/

Article

yr

1. alternative form of y (used before a word starting with a vowel or h)

Particle

yr

1. alternative form of y (used before a word starting with a vowel or h)