virguler
French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /viʁ.ɡy.le/
Audio (France (Vosges)): (file) Audio (France (Lyon)): (file) Audio (France (Somain)): (file)
Verb
[edit]virguler
- (typography) to put a comma or commas (in a text)
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of virguler (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | virguler | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | virgulant /viʁ.ɡy.lɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | virgulé /viʁ.ɡy.le/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | virgule /viʁ.ɡyl/ |
virgules /viʁ.ɡyl/ |
virgule /viʁ.ɡyl/ |
virgulons /viʁ.ɡy.lɔ̃/ |
virgulez /viʁ.ɡy.le/ |
virgulent /viʁ.ɡyl/ |
| imperfect | virgulais /viʁ.ɡy.lɛ/ |
virgulais /viʁ.ɡy.lɛ/ |
virgulait /viʁ.ɡy.lɛ/ |
virgulions /viʁ.ɡy.ljɔ̃/ |
virguliez /viʁ.ɡy.lje/ |
virgulaient /viʁ.ɡy.lɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | virgulai /viʁ.ɡy.le/ |
virgulas /viʁ.ɡy.la/ |
virgula /viʁ.ɡy.la/ |
virgulâmes /viʁ.ɡy.lam/ |
virgulâtes /viʁ.ɡy.lat/ |
virgulèrent /viʁ.ɡy.lɛʁ/ | |
| future | virgulerai /viʁ.ɡyl.ʁe/ |
virguleras /viʁ.ɡyl.ʁa/ |
virgulera /viʁ.ɡyl.ʁa/ |
virgulerons /viʁ.ɡyl.ʁɔ̃/ |
virgulerez /viʁ.ɡyl.ʁe/ |
virguleront /viʁ.ɡyl.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | virgulerais /viʁ.ɡyl.ʁɛ/ |
virgulerais /viʁ.ɡyl.ʁɛ/ |
virgulerait /viʁ.ɡyl.ʁɛ/ |
virgulerions /viʁ.ɡy.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
virguleriez /viʁ.ɡy.lə.ʁje/ |
virguleraient /viʁ.ɡyl.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | virgule /viʁ.ɡyl/ |
virgules /viʁ.ɡyl/ |
virgule /viʁ.ɡyl/ |
virgulions /viʁ.ɡy.ljɔ̃/ |
virguliez /viʁ.ɡy.lje/ |
virgulent /viʁ.ɡyl/ |
| imperfect2 | virgulasse /viʁ.ɡy.las/ |
virgulasses /viʁ.ɡy.las/ |
virgulât /viʁ.ɡy.la/ |
virgulassions /viʁ.ɡy.la.sjɔ̃/ |
virgulassiez /viʁ.ɡy.la.sje/ |
virgulassent /viʁ.ɡy.las/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | virgule /viʁ.ɡyl/ |
— | virgulons /viʁ.ɡy.lɔ̃/ |
virgulez /viʁ.ɡy.le/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
[edit]- “virguler”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012