tawa

See also: tawā and Tawa

English

Etymology 1

From Hindi तवा (tavā).

Alternative forms

• tava

Noun

tawa (plural tawas)

1. (South Asia) A frying pan or griddle.
   • 2008, Amitav Ghosh, Sea of Poppies, Penguin, published 2015, page 6:

     Deeti gave her daughter the job of sweeping the poppy petals into a heap while she busied herself in stoking the fire and heating a heavy iron tawa.

Etymology 2

From Māori tawa.

Noun

tawa (plural tawas)

1. Beilschmiedia tawa, a New Zealand broadleaf tree.

Anagrams

• Awat

Ajië

Noun

tawa

1. dog

References

• Corinna Handschuh, A typology of marked-S languages

Cebuano

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tawa, from Proto-Austronesian *Cawa.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: ta‧wa
• IPA^(key): /taˈwa/ [t̪ɐˈwa]

Adjective

tawá

1. jovial (of face or visage)

Derived terms

• katawa

Fijian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈta.wa/

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Prefix

tawa

1. un-, a-, im-, in-, non-, without, -less (indicates absence or negation)

   ‎tawa- + ‎yaga (“useful”) → ‎tawayaga (“useless”)

   ‎tawa- + ‎mudu (“end”) → ‎tawamudu (“infinite, endless”)

   ‎tawa- + ‎donu (“right, correct”) → ‎tawa donu (“unrightful”)

Derived terms

• bulatawa-mudu (“live forever (plant name)”)
• tawa donu (“unrightful”)
• tawa guilecavi (“unforgettable”)
• tawa kilikili (“improper”)
• tawa-nuitaki (“undependable, untrustworthy”)
• tawa-yalani (“limitless, infinite, boundless”)
• tawamalaca (“uncertain”)
• tawamudu (“infinite, endless”)
• tawayaga (“useless”)
• vakatawa dodonu (“unrightfully”)

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

tawa (transitive tawana)

1. to fill (to make full)

   Sa tawa na taqe.

   The tank is filled.

2. to populate, to inhabit (to supply with inhabitants)

   Sa tawa na vanua.

   The country is populated.

   Era tawana na koro.

   They inhabit the village.

3. to load (a gun)

   Sa tawa na dakai.

   The gun is loaded.

4. (idiomatic, of eyes) to be pregnant

   Sa tawa na matana.

   She is pregnant.

   (literally, “Her eyes are filled.”)

Derived terms

• itawatawa (ni benisini) (“filling station, petrol station”)
• tamata tawa (“person possessed by a devil”)
• tawa-vanua (“first immigrants, first settlers; to populate”)
• tawaipakete-taka (“to package”)
• tawaitini (“canned”)
• tawaqele (“populace, inhabitants”)
• vakatawa, vakatawana (“to fill; to populate; to keep watch”)

Adjective

tawa

1. filled, full
2. populated, inhabited
3. loaded (of a gun)

References

• Gatty, Ronald (2009), “tawa”, in Fijian–English Dictionary‎^[1], Suva, Fiji: Ronald Gatty, →ISBN, page 264

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈtawa/ [ˈt̪a.wa]
• Rhymes: -awa
• Syllabification: ta‧wa

Etymology 1

Inherited from Malay tawa, from Proto-Malayic *tawa(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tawa, from Proto-Austronesian *Cawa.

Noun

tawa (plural tawa-tawa)

1. laugh

Derived terms

• ketawa
• menertawakan
• mentertawai
• mentertawakan
• penertawaan
• tertawa
• tertawa-tawa
• tertawaan

Verb

tawa

1. to laugh (show mirth by peculiar movement of the muscles of the face and emission of sounds)

Conjugation

Conjugation of tawa (memper-, absolute intransitive, irregular, defective)

root	tawa
	active	passive		basic imperative	emphatic jussive
		reflective1	ordinary
	ordinary
nominative	–	tertawa, ketawa	–	tawa	tawalah
accusative / dative / locative	menertawai	–	ditertawai	–	–
perfective causative / applicative2	menertawakan	tertawakan	ditertawakan	tertawakan, tawakan	tertawakanlah
	causative
nominative	mempertawa	–	–	–	–
accusative / dative / locative	mempertawai	–	dipertawai	–	–
perfective causative / applicative2	mempertawakan	–	dipertawakan	–	–

¹ There is another form of reflective passive verb with affixation of ke- -an which is not included in the table. This form is only attested in active voice without causative affixation of per-.
² The -kan row is either causative or applicative. With transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning.
This verb however, takes the prefix ter- in locative and benefactive. For some reasons, some forms of the locative do not exist. Ketawa only exists in informal language.
Some of these forms do not normally exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning.

• Although morphologically involuntary, the form tertawa and tertawakan is used lexically as an active form.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Minangkabau [Term?].

Noun

tawa (plural tawa-tawa)

1. (literature, linguistics) Minangkabau mantra [since 2018]

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Javanese [Term?].

Noun

tawa (plural tawa-tawa)

1. dadap (“Erythrina”) leaf [since 2018]

Further reading

• “tawa”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Karao

Noun

tawa

1. window

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *tawa(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tawa, from Proto-Austronesian *Cawa.

Pronunciation

• (Baku) IPA^(key): /tawa/
• (Standard Malaysian) IPA^(key): /tawə/
• Rhymes: -awə, -wə, -ə

Verb

tawa (Jawi spelling تاوا)

1. to laugh (show mirth by peculiar movement of the muscles of the face and emission of sounds)

   Synonym: gelak

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• ketawa [passive] (ke-)
• tertawa [agentless action] (teR-)

Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:

• mengetawakan
• mentertawakan

Descendants

• Indonesian: tawa

Further reading

• "tawa" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017

Mehek

Noun

tawa

1. woman

References

• transnewguinea.org, citing D. C. Laycock, Languages of the Lumi Subdistrict (West Sepik District), New Guinea (1968), Oceanic Linguistics, 7 (1): 36-66

Nheengatu

Alternative forms

• taua

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtawa/
• Rhymes: -awa
• Hyphenation: ta‧wa
• Homophones: -tawa, Tawa

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Tupi taba (“village, city”), from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tap, from Proto-Tupian *jap.

Cognate with Portuguese taba.

Noun

tawa (plural tawa-itá)

1. city
2. village

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

tawa

1. (obsolete) absolute of awa

References

• Avila, Marcel Twardowsky (2021), “tawa”, in Proposta de dicionário nheengatu-português [Nheengatu–Portuguese dictionary proposal] (in Portuguese), São Paulo: USP, →DOI, page 743

Pahi

Noun

tawa

1. woman

References

• transnewguinea.org, citing D. C. Laycock, Languages of the Lumi Subdistrict (West Sepik District), New Guinea (1968), Oceanic Linguistics, 7 (1): 36-66

Quechua

Quechua cardinal numbers

<  3	4	5  >
Cardinal : tawa

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈta.wa/

Numeral

tawa

1. four.

Derived terms

• Tawantin suyu

Tagalog

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Austronesian *Cawa

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tawa

Tagalog tawa

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tawa, from Proto-Austronesian *Cawa. Compare Malay tawa.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog)
  • IPA^(key): /ˈtawa/ [ˈt̪aː.wɐ] (noun)
    • Rhymes: -awa
  • IPA^(key): /taˈwa/ [t̪ɐˈwa] (adjective)
    • Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: ta‧wa

Noun

tawa (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜏ)

1. laugh; laughing; laughter

   Synonyms: halakhak, hagakgak, halikhik, alik-ik, agik-ik, hagalhal, hilhil, sagaak

Derived terms

• ikatawa
• ipagtawa
• iyak-tawa
• katatawanan
• katawa-tawa
• magpatawa
• magtawa
• magtawanan
• makatawa
• makitawa
• mapagpatawa
• mapagtawanan
• pagpapatawa
• pagtatawa
• pagtawa
• pagtawanan
• pampatawa
• patawahin
• patawanin
• tawa-tawa
• tawanan
• tawang-aso
• tumawa

See also

• ngiti

Adjective

tawá (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜏ)

1. prone to laughing

   Synonym: palatawa

Derived terms

• katawa-tawa
• mapatawa
• matawa
• nakakatawa
• palatawa
• patawa

Further reading

• “tawa”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*Cawa”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Anagrams

• awat

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtau̯.a/

Verb

tawa

1. third-person singular present/future of tewi

Mutation

Mutated forms of tawa

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
tawa	dawa	nhawa	thawa

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Wolio

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /taʋa/

Noun

tawa

1. leaf

References

• Anceaux, Johannes C. (1987), Wolio Dictionary (Wolio-English-Indonesian) / Kamus Bahasa Wolio (Wolio-Inggeris-Indonesia), Dordrecht: Foris

Ye'kwana

Variant orthographies

ALIV	tawa
Brazilian standard	tawa
New Tribes	tawa

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tawa]

Noun

tawa (obligatorily possessed; possessed tawadü)

1. lung

Derived terms

• tawaje
• tawata

References

• Costa, Isabella Coutinho; Silva, Marcelo Costa da; Rodrigues, Edmilson Magalhães (2021), “Chaawadö”, in Portal Japiim: Dicionário Ye'kwana‎^[2], Museu do Índio/FUNAI
• Hall, Katherine Lee (1988), The morphosyntax of discourse in De'kwana Carib, volumes I and II, Saint Louis, Missouri: PhD Thesis, Washington University, pages 217, 288: “'tawa:dü 'my lung' / 'cha:wadü 'his lung' […] ----- -'tawai -dü 'lung'”
• Hall, Katherine (2007), “ʔtaway-dɨ”, in Mary Ritchie Key & Bernard Comrie, editors, The Intercontinental Dictionary Series‎^[3], Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, published 2021