schema

See also: Schema, schéma, and schemă

English

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Latin schēma, from Ancient Greek σχῆμα (skhêma, “form, shape”). Doublet of scheme.

Pronunciation

• enPR: skēʹmə
  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈskiːmə/
  • (General American, Canada) IPA^(key): /ˈskimə/

    • Audio (US):

      (file)

  • (General Australian, New Zealand) IPA^(key): /ˈskiːmə/
• Hyphenation: sche‧ma
• Rhymes: -iːmə

Noun

schema (plural schemata or schemas)

1. An outline or image universally applicable to a general conception, under which it is likely to be presented to the mind (for example, a body schema).
2. (databases) A formal description of the structure of a database: the names of the tables, the names of the columns of each table, and the data type and other attributes of each column.

   The database schema defines how the tables are organized.

3. (markup languages) A formal description of data, data types, and data file structures, such as XML schemas for XML files.
4. (logic) A formula in the metalanguage of an axiomatic system, in which one or more schematic variables appear, which stand for any term or subformula of the system, which may or may not be required to satisfy certain conditions.
5. (Christianity) A monastic habit in the Greek Orthodox Church.

Synonyms

• (universally-applicable image or outline): schemat
• (databases): schemat
• (logic): axiom schema, schemat

Derived terms

• baby schema
• chameleon schema
• conceptual schema
• image schema
• logical schema
• physical schema
• snowflake schema
• star schema

Related terms

• schematic(al)(ly)
• schematism
• schematist
• schematization
• schematize
• schematologetically
• schematomancy
• scheme

Translations

An outline or image universally applicable to a general conception

• Bulgarian: схе́ма (bg) f (shéma)
• Catalan: esquema (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 圖式 / 图式 (zh) (túshì)

• Czech: schéma (cs) n
• Finnish: kuva (fi), kaavio (fi), skeema (fi)
• French: schéma (fr) m
• Hindi: मनोबंध (manobandh)
• Russian: схе́ма (ru) f (sxéma)
• Turkish: şema (tr)

Formal description of the structure of a database

• Finnish: skeema (fi)
• German: Schema (de) n
• Hindi: विवरणिका (hi) (vivarṇikā)
• Japanese: スキーマ (sukīma)
• Korean: 스키마 (seukima)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: databaseskjema n, skjema n

• Russian: схе́ма (ru) f (sxéma)
• Turkish: şema (tr)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• German: ^{(please verify)} Schema (de) m (1)
• Italian: ^{(please verify)} schema (it) m (1)

References

• “schema” listed in the Oxford English Dictionary, second edition (1989)

Anagrams

• McShea, mechas, sachem, samech, schame

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek σχῆμα (skhêma, “form, shape”). The scientific sense is a semantic loan from French schéma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsxeː.maː/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: sche‧ma
• Rhymes: -eːmaː

Noun

schema n (plural schema's or schemata, diminutive schemaatje n)

1. (general sense) visualisation, diagram
2. (sciences) conceptual model

Derived terms

• kleurenschema
• schematisch
• schematiseren
• schematisme
• werkschema

Descendants

• → Indonesian: skema

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin schema, from Ancient Greek σχῆμα (skhêma, “form, shape”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈskɛ.ma/
• Rhymes: -ɛma
• Hyphenation: schè‧ma

Noun

schema m (plural schemi)

1. outline, schema, layout, diagram, plan, draft, project, arrangement

   Synonyms: diagramma, tracciato, piano, abbozzo, progetto, disposizione

2. pattern, mould/mold, norm

   Synonyms: modello, struttura, norma

Related terms

• schematico
• schematismo
• schematizzare

Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek σχῆμα (skhêma, “form, shape”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈskʰeː.ma]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈskɛː.ma]

Noun

schēma f (genitive schēmae or schēmatis); variously declined, first declension, third declension

1. shape, figure, form, manner, posture

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Charisius to this entry?)

2. (rhetoric) figure of speech
3. (geometry) outline, figure

Declension

First-declension noun or third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

	singular	plural
nominative	schēma	schēmae schēmata
genitive	schēmae schēmatis	schēmārum schēmatum
dative	schēmae schēmatī	schēmīs schēmatibus
accusative	schēmam schēma	schēmās schēmata
ablative	schēmā schēmate	schēmīs schēmatibus
vocative	schēma	schēmae schēmata

Related terms

• schēma logū
• schēmatismos
• schēmatometria

Descendants

Descendants

• → Catalan: esquema
• → French: schéma m
  • → Romanian: schemă f
  • → Turkish: şema
• → Italian: schema m
• → Portuguese: esquema
• → Spanish: esquema
• → Dutch: schema
  • → Indonesian: skema
• → English: schema
• → English: scheme
  • → Irish: scéim
  • → Malay: skim
• → German: Schema
  • → Swedish: schema
• → Old Irish: scíam
  • Irish: scéimh
  • Scottish Gaelic: sgèimh, sgiamh
  • ⇒ Middle Irish: sciamda

References

• “schēma”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• "SCHEMA, Schemma", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “1 schĕma”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette: “1,401/2”
• “2 schēma”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette: “1,401/2”
• “schēma (scēma)” on page 1,702/1 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)
• Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976), “schema”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 945/1

Swedish

Etymology

Borrowed from German Schema, same as English scheme, used in Swedish since 1673.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɧeːma/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

schema n

1. a schedule (time-based plan of events)
2. a scheme (systematic arrangement)
3. a diagram

Usage notes

• SAOL only lists neuter gender. The Greek plural schemata has also been used.

Declension

Declension of schema

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	schema	schemas
	definite	schemat	schemats
plural	indefinite	scheman	schemans
	definite	schemana	schemanas

Declension of schema

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	schema	schemas
	definite	scheman	schemans
plural	indefinite	schemor	schemors
	definite	schemorna	schemornas

Related terms

• kopplingsschema
• skolschema

References

• “schema”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)
• “schema”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
• “schema”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)