schamen

See also: schämen

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch schāmen, from Old Dutch scamon, from Proto-West Germanic *skamēn, from Proto-Germanic *skamāną.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

schamen

1. (reflexive) to be ashamed

Conjugation

Conjugation of schamen (weak)
infinitive	schamen
past singular	schaamde
past participle	geschaamd
infinitive	schamen
gerund	schamen n
	present tense	past tense
1st person singular	schaam	schaamde
2nd person sing. (jij)	schaamt, schaam2	schaamde
2nd person sing. (u)	schaamt	schaamde
2nd person sing. (gij)	schaamt	schaamde
3rd person singular	schaamt	schaamde
plural	schamen	schaamden
subjunctive sing.1	schame	schaamde
subjunctive plur.1	schamen	schaamden
imperative sing.	schaam
imperative plur.1	schaamt
participles	schamend	geschaamd
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.

Derived terms

• schaamsoort

Related terms

• schaamte
• schamel

Descendants

• Berbice Creole Dutch: skam
• Negerhollands: skaam

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch scamon, from Proto-West Germanic *skamēn, from Proto-Germanic *skamāną.

Verb

schāmen

1. (reflexive or intransitive) to be ashamed
2. (reflexive or intransitive) to be shy

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Dutch: schamen
• Limburgish: sjame

Further reading

• “scamen”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “schamen”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

Middle English

Alternative forms

• scham, schame, shame, sheme
• samie, scamien, scheome, scumi, shamien, shemien, somen (Early Middle English)
• schamie, ssame, ssamie (Kent, Southern, Southwest Midland); scam (Northern); scomye, schome, schomye, shomon (West Midland)
• scheomie, scheomien (AB language); scomien (Laȝamon's Brut); schamyn (Promptorium Parvulorum)

Etymology

Inherited from Old English sċamian, sċeamian, from Proto-West Germanic *skamēn, from Proto-Germanic *skamāną, By surface analysis, schame (“shame”) +‎ -en (infinitival suffix).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʃaːmən/
• IPA^(key): /ˈʃɔ̝ːmən/ (West Midland)

Verb

schamen (third-person singular simple present schameth, present participle schamende, schamynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle schamed)

1. (ambitransitive) To be ashamed; to feel shame or regret:
   1. (reflexive) To be ashamed of or feel regretful about oneself.
   2. (transitive) To dread or fear; to feel awe towards.
2. (transitive) To shame or disgrace; to cause shame to:
   1. To criticise or censure; to be harsh towards.
   2. To outrival or surpass; to put to shame.
   3. (ditransitive, rare) To shame someone with something.

Conjugation

Conjugation of schamen (weak in -ede)

infinitive	(to) schamen, schame
	present tense	past tense
1st-person singular	schame	schamed(e)
2nd-person singular	schamest	schamedest
3rd-person singular	schameth	schamed(e)
subjunctive singular	schame
imperative singular		—
plural1	schamen, schame	schameden, schamed(e)
imperative plural	schameth, schame	—
participles	schamynge, schamende	schamed, yschamed

¹ Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Descendants

• English: shame
• Middle Scots: schame
  • Scots: shame

References

• “shāmen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
• “shame, v.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.