quatio

Latin

Etymology

Disputed. Within Italic, the term has been connected to Volscian arpatitu.^[1]

The LIV opts to derive the Latin term from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kuh₁t-yé-ti, itself from a root of the shape *(s)kweh₁t-, whence also Ancient Greek πάσσω (pássō, “to sprinkle”), Old Norse skynda, and Lithuanian kusti. According to this theory, the *a is by analogy with faciō.^[2] De Vaan, however, argues that the number of formal difficulties complicating an etymological relationship between the Latin and Greek term could imply a substrate root of the shape *kwat- (“to shake, strew”). Even if just the Germanic, Balto-Slavic, and Italic forms are considered, De Vaan suggests only a root of the shape Proto-Indo-European *(s)kwot-, which he considers to possibly be non-Indo-European.^[3]

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈkʷa.ti.oː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈkʷat.t͡si.o]

Verb

quatiō (present infinitive quatere, supine quassum); third (-iō variant) conjugation, no perfect stem

to shake, agitate, batter, shatter, demolish, overthrow, rend
- 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 2.610–612:
  “‘Neptūnus mūrōs magnōque ēmōta tridentī / fundāmenta quatit, tōtamque ā sēdibus urbem / ēruit; [...].’”
  “‘Neptune, with his giant trident, shakes walls apart from their foundations, and overturns the entire city from its base.’”
to wield, brandish
to move, touch, excite, affect
to vex, harass

Conjugation

Conjugation of quatiō (third (-iō variant) conjugation, no perfect stem)

indicative		singular				plural
indicative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	quatiō	quatis		quatit	quatimus	quatitis		quatiunt
	imperfect	quatiēbam	quatiēbās		quatiēbat	quatiēbāmus	quatiēbātis		quatiēbant
	future	quatiam	quatiēs		quatiet	quatiēmus	quatiētis		quatient
passive	present	quatior	quateris, quatere		quatitur	quatimur	quatiminī		quatiuntur
	imperfect	quatiēbar	quatiēbāris, quatiēbāre		quatiēbātur	quatiēbāmur	quatiēbāminī		quatiēbantur
	future	quatiar	quatiēris, quatiēre		quatiētur	quatiēmur	quatiēminī		quatientur
	perfect	quassus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	quassus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	quassus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular				plural
subjunctive		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	quatiam	quatiās		quatiat	quatiāmus	quatiātis		quatiant
active	imperfect	quaterem	quaterēs		quateret	quaterēmus	quaterētis		quaterent
passive	present	quatiar	quatiāris, quatiāre		quatiātur	quatiāmur	quatiāminī		quatiantur
	imperfect	quaterer	quaterēris, quaterēre		quaterētur	quaterēmur	quaterēminī		quaterentur
	perfect	quassus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	quassus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular				plural
imperative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	—	quate		—	—	quatite		—
active	future	—	quatitō		quatitō	—	quatitōte		quatiuntō
passive	present	—	quatere		—	—	quatiminī		—
passive	future	—	quatitor		quatitor	—	—		quatiuntor
non-finite forms		infinitive				participle
non-finite forms		active		passive		active		passive
present		quatere		quatī		quatiēns		—
future		quassūrum esse		quassum īrī		quassūrus		quatiendus, quatiundus
perfect		—		quassum esse		—		quassus
future perfect		—		quassum fore		—		—
perfect potential		quassūrum fuisse		—		—		—
verbal nouns		gerund					supine
		genitive	dative		accusative	ablative	accusative		ablative
		quatiendī	quatiendō		quatiendum	quatiendō	quassum		quassū

Derived terms

Related terms

References

^ Prósper, Blanca María (2022), “The Tabula Veliterna: A Sacred Law from Central Italy”, in Rivista Italiana di Linguistica e di Dialettologia, volume 24, page 25
^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*(s)ku̯eh₁t-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 563
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “quatiō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 504-505