perm

See also: Perm

English

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /pɝm/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /pɜːm/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)m

Etymology 1

Short for permanent.

Noun

perm (plural perms)

1. Clipping of permanent wave (“hairstyle”).

Derived terms

• bubble perm
• disco perm
• down perm
• merm
• zoomer perm

Verb

perm (third-person singular simple present perms, present participle perming, simple past and past participle permed)

1. To give hair a perm, using heat, chemicals etc.

Derived terms

• reperm

Translations

To treat hair, to give waves, by using heat and chemicals

• Dutch: permanenten (nl)
• French: permanenter (fr)
• Japanese: パーマにする (pāma ni suru)
• Māori: whakakōrino

Etymology 2

Short for permutation.

Noun

perm (plural perms)

1. (informal) A permutation.
2. A combination of outcomes (not a permutation) that a gambler bets on in the football pools.

Derived terms

• T perm

Etymology 3

Short for permission.

Noun

perm (plural perms)

1. (computing) Permission

Anagrams

• Emp'r, Prem, prem

Chinese

Etymology

From clipping of English permanent.

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): poem¹

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• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: poem¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰœːm⁵⁵/

Noun

perm

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) permanent job position

Verb

perm

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) to switch to a permanent job position

References

• English Loanwords in Hong Kong Cantonese

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpɛrm]

Noun

perm m inan

1. Permian (geological period)

Declension

Declension of perm (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	perm	permy
genitive	permu	permů
dative	permu	permům
accusative	perm	permy
vocative	perme	permy
locative	permu	permech
instrumental	permem	permy

Further reading

• “perm”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “perm”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

Hungarian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpɛrm]
• Hyphenation: perm
• Rhymes: -ɛrm

Noun

perm (uncountable)

1. (geology) Permian (the Permian period)

Declension

Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)

	singular	plural
nominative	perm	—
accusative	permet	—
dative	permnek	—
instrumental	permmel	—
causal-final	permért	—
translative	permmé	—
terminative	permig	—
essive-formal	permként	—
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	permben	—
superessive	permen	—
adessive	permnél	—
illative	permbe	—
sublative	permre	—
allative	permhez	—
elative	permből	—
delative	permről	—
ablative	permtől	—
non-attributive possessive – singular	permé	—
non-attributive possessive – plural	perméi	—

Possessive forms of perm

possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	permem	—
2nd person sing.	permed	—
3rd person sing.	permje	—
1st person plural	permünk	—
2nd person plural	permetek	—
3rd person plural	permjük	—

Derived terms

• permi

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

Short for pergament (“parchment”).

Noun

perm m (definite singular permen, indefinite plural permer, definite plural permene)

1. either of the two covers of a book
2. a folder or binder

Derived terms

• ringperm

Etymology 2

Clipping of permisjon, originally only military slang, but has since found a wider use.

Noun

perm m (definite singular permen, indefinite plural permer, definite plural permene)

1. (colloquial) clipping of permisjon: a leave (Permission to be absent from one's work)

Derived terms

• mammaperm
• pappaperm
• tjuvperm

Etymology 3

From the name of the Russian town of Perm.

Proper noun

perm m (indeclinable)

1. (geology) the Permian period
2. (geology) the Paleozoic Era

References

• “perm” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Short for pergament (“parchment”).

Noun

perm m (definite singular permen, indefinite plural permar, definite plural permane)

1. either of the two covers of a book
2. a folder or binder

Derived terms

• ringperm

Etymology 2

Clipping of permisjon, originally only military slang, but has since found a wider use.

Noun

perm m (definite singular permen, indefinite plural permar, definite plural permane)

1. (colloquial) clipping of permisjon: a leave (Permission to be absent from one's work)

Derived terms

• mammaperm
• pappaperm
• tjuvperm

Etymology 3

From the name of the Russian town of Perm.

Proper noun

perm ?

1. (geology) the Permian period
2. (geology) the Paleozoic Era

References

• “perm” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɛrm/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛrm
• Syllabification: perm

Noun

perm m inan

1. (geology) Permian

Further reading

• “perm”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎^[1] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• “perm”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎^[2] (in Polish)