der

See also: -der, Der, der-, dér, dêr, dër, and děr

Languages (31)

Alemannic German • Chinese • Cornish • Czech • Danish • Dutch • French • Galician • German • Hunsrik • Latin • Limburgish • Luxembourgish • Middle Dutch • Middle English • Middle High German • Mizo • Mòcheno • Northern Kurdish • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old High German • Pennsylvania German • Portuguese • Sundanese • Swedish • Turkish • West Frisian • Wolof

Page categories

Translingual

Etymology

Abbreviation of English Deori.

Symbol

der

(international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Deori.

English

Etymology 1

Imitative. Compare dur.

Pronunciation

enPR: dûr, IPA^(key): /dɜː/
Audio (General Australian): (file)
Rhymes: -ɜː

Interjection

der

(dated outside Australia) Disdainful indication that something is obvious.
(dated outside Australia) Indication of stupidity.
- 1979, Gabrielle Carey, Kathy Lette, Puberty Blues, page 46:
  'Sprung!' cried Jeff Basin, the local dubbo. 'Oh, der,' moaned Boardie sarcastically.

Synonyms

duh

Etymology 2

Nonstandard spelling of there, reflecting any of a variety of accents with th-stopping.

Alternative forms

dere

Pronunciation

(African-American Vernacular) enPR: dûr(r) IPA^(key): /dɛː(ɹ)/
Rhymes: -ɛː(ɹ)
Homophone: dare

Adverb

der (not comparable)

Nonstandard form of there.

Interjection

der

Nonstandard form of there.

Noun

der (uncountable)

Nonstandard form of there.

Pronoun

der

Nonstandard form of there.

Derived terms

der's

Anagrams

-red, DRE, EDR, ERD, RDE, RED, Red, erd, red

Alemannic German

Etymology

From Middle High German dër, from Old High German dër, replacing the original masculine and feminine nominative forms from Proto-Germanic *sa, by analogy with the adjective inflection. Compare also Old Dutch thie and Old English sē where the same process occurred.

Article

der

(definite) the
- 1856, Jacob Maehly, Rhigmurmel. Gedichte in Basler Mundart, page 187f:
  - 'S Emilie werd im elterlige Roth
    Sich widersetze, wenn [...]
  - In 's Emilies Stammbuech [...]
- 1872, Caspar Hagen, Dichtungen in alemannischer Mundart aus Vorarlberg, page 67:
  Am Tag der Rast, am Tag der Rueh',
  Schout gern dem Kinderg'wimmel,
  De frohe Kinderspiele zue
  's Allvatterherz vum Himmel!
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1872, Caspar Hagen, Dichtungen in alemannischer Mundart aus Vorarlberg, page 98:
  Was host denn 's Teufels?
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1872, Caspar Hagen, Dichtungen in alemannischer Mundart aus Vorarlberg, page 121:
  Ho 's Johrs vum Kind nü Batze g'hett,
  Und lützel Garba g'schnitte.
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1872, Caspar Hagen, Dichtungen in alemannischer Mundart aus Vorarlberg, page 140:
  Der Ehstand ist [...]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1872, Caspar Hagen, Dichtungen in alemannischer Mundart aus Vorarlberg, page 160:
  Sie nimmt vum Bett de-n-arme Wurm
  Und [...]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

Vorarlberg:

	Singular			Plural
	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative	der	d'	des, 's	d'
Genitive	's	der	's
Dative	dem	der	dem	de
Accusative	de de-n- (before a vowel)	d'	des, 's	d'

Basel:

	Singular			Plural
	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative	der	die, d'	's	die, d'
Genitive			's
Dative	dem	der, de	dem	de
Accusative	de	die, d'	's	d'

Chinese

Etymology 1


simp. and trad. (der)		der

的 + diminutive suffix 兒 / 儿.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): der

(Zhuyin): ˙ㄉㄜㄦ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: der
  - Zhuyin: ˙ㄉㄜㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: de̊r
  - Wade–Giles: tê⁵-ʼrh
  - Yale: der
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: .de'l
  - Palladius: дэр (dɛr)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /d̥ɤɻ/

Particle

der

(Internet slang, cute-sounding) Alternative pronunciation of the particle 的.
超容易der！ ― Chāo róngyì der! ― It super easy!

Etymology 2


simp. and trad. (der)		der
alternative forms		嘚兒／嘚儿

Pronunciation

Rhymes with -eir.

Hanyu Pinyin: dēr
IPA: /təɻ⁵⁵/ (Chen, 1985, p. 61)

Noun

der (colloquial)

(Northeastern Mandarin, informal) dick
my ass; fuck all
你知道個der！／你知道个der！ ― Nǐ zhīdào ge der! ― You know fuck all!

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 陰莖 (“penis; male genitalia”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		玉莖, 陽具, 陽物, 陰體, 人道, 身根
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		陰莖, 陽具, 男根
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	雞巴, 卵子, 家伙, 帽兒, 大帽兒, 雀子 †, 小雞兒 †, 小蟲兒 †
	Taiwan	雞雞, 屌, 肉棒, 老二, 命根, 命根子, 小弟弟, 小鳥 †, 小雞雞 †
	Harbin	雞巴, 雞巴嘚兒, 雞巴頭子, 嘚兒, 牛子, 老二, 二哥, 腿兒, 小便, 牛牛兒 †, 小牛子 †, 家雀兒 †
	Malaysia	咕咕, 弟弟, 懶覺, 懶
	Singapore	小鳥 †
Jilu Mandarin	Weifang (Weicheng)	蛋, 蛋子
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	屌, 小雞兒 †, 小雞雞 †
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	鴨子, 雞子, 雞巴, 屌, 小鴨兒 †
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Rongcheng	鴨子
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	雞巴, 屌, 膀, 雞巴兒 †, 小雞兒雞兒 †
	Wanrong	鴨子, 鴨兒 †
	Xi'an	㞗, 錘子, 牛牛兒 †
	Xining	雞巴, 㞗, 錘子, 雞雞 †
	Xuzhou	屌, 雞巴, 雞尜尜, 屌頭子, 老二, 二哥, 一家人兒, 打種的 dated, 小雞兒 †, 雞兒 †, 尜尜 †, 小老雀兒 †, 老雀兒 †
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	㞗
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	㞗, 雞巴, 雞雞 †
	Lanzhou	㞗, 牛牛子 †
	Ürümqi	㞗, 㞗把子, 錘子, 雞雞 †, 㞗㞗 †
	Jimsar	㞗
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	錘子, 雞巴, 雞棍兒, 雞兒, 雀雀兒, 雀雀, 麻雀兒, 毛鰱魚, 老二, 㞗, 雞雞 †, 小雞兒 †, 小麻雀兒 †, 小雀雀兒 †
	Chongqing	錘子, 卵, 鷄兒, 鴨兒, 雀雀兒, 鷄巴, 㞗, 牙刷兒
	Wuhan	鴨蒂, 雞巴, 卵, 雀雀 †, 鴨鴨 †, 雞雞 †
	Guiyang	雞巴, 大雞巴, 乾雞巴, 馬雞巴, 卵子, 㞗, 屌, 下二哥, 二哥, 甩甩, 錘錘 dated, 錘子 dated, 雞雞 †, 小雞兒 †, 雞兒 †, 麻雀 †, 小麻雀 †, 雀雀 †
	Liuzhou	鳥, 卵, 二老爺, 大頭蟲, 鳥崽 †
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	雞巴, 屌, 麻雀, 小麻雀兒 †
	Yangzhou	雞巴, 屌子, 屌, 卵子, 麻雀子 †
	Nantong	屌兒, 屌
	Hefei	屌, 雞巴, 尕尕雞 †, 尕雞 †
	Huanggang	卵, 雞巴
Cantonese	Guangzhou	鳩, 𨳍, 𡳞, 賓周, 小便, 祠堂, 脧 †, 脧脧 †, 鳩脧 †, 脧仔 †, 咕咕 †, 雀仔 †, 慈姑椗 †
	Hong Kong	鳩, 𨳍, 𡳞, 賓周, 周, 周周, 雀, 弟弟, 細佬, 何B仔, 子孫根, 祠堂, 柄, 第三隻腳, 第五肢, 是非根, J slang, 丁 slang, 丁丁 slang, 腸 slang, 腸仔 slang, 嘢 euphemistic, 脧 †, 脧脧 †, 脧脧仔 †, 咕咕 †, 雀仔 †, 慈姑椗 †
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	𡳞, 鵝仔 †
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	鵝仔, 𡳞
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	𡳞, 𡳞仔 †
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	𡳞
	Macau	鳩
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	鳩, 𨳍
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	鳩
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	鳩
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	鳩
	Foshan	鳩
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	鳩
	Foshan (Shunde)	鳩
	Foshan (Sanshui)	鳩, 𨳍
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	鳩
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	鳩, 𨳍
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	𨳍
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	鳩脧, 𨳍
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	𨳍, 鳩
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	雀, 𡳞
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	𡳞, 鳩
	Taishan	𡳞, 雀 †, 雀仔 †
	Kaiping (Chikan)	𡳞, 𨳍
	Enping (Niujiang)	𡳞, 𨳍
	Heshan (Yayao)	𨳍
	Dongguan	𡳞, 鵝必 †
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	𡳞
	Qingyuan	鳩
	Fogang	𨳍
	Yingde (Hanguang)	鳩
	Yangshan	巧
	Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui)	巧
	Shaoguan	𨳍
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	鳩
	Renhua	𡳞子
	Lechang	雞巴, 𨳍
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	鳩
	Sihui	巧, 鳩, 𨳍
	Guangning	巧
	Deqing	屌, 𨳍
	Huaiji	鳩
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	鳩
	Yunfu	𨳍
	Xinxing	𨳍
	Luoding	𨳍
	Yunan (Pingtai)	鳩
	Yangjiang	鳩, 𨳍
	Xinyi	𨳍
	Nanning	𨳍
	Wuzhou	咪, 鳩, 𨳍
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	鳩脧
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	𡳞, 鳩, 𨳍
	Ipoh (Guangfu)	屌, 𨳍, 𡳞, 咕咕, 雀仔, 水喉, 大鵰, 賓周, 慈姑椗
	Singapore (Guangfu)	𡳞, 鳩, 𨳍
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	賓周
Gan	Nanchang	卵, 卵雞子 †, 卵雞 †
	Lichuan	卵, 老二
	Pingxiang	卵, 卵仔 †, 雞仔 †
Hakka	Meixian	𡳞棍, 𡳞仔, 𡳞, 脧, 脧仔 †
	Xingning	脧哩, 𡳞棍
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	𡳞, 𡳞棍, 脧 †, 咕咕 †
	Huidong (Daling)	𡳞棍, 脧仔
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	脧
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	脧
	Zhongshan (Wuguishan)	𡳞, 脧
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	𨳍
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	脧哩, 𡳞棍
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	脧哩, 脧, 𡳞棍
	Wuhua (Changbu)	脧
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	脧哩, 𡳞棍
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	𡳞
	Wengyuan	𡳞子
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	𡳞棍
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	𡳞棍, 脧
	Liannan	脧子
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	𨳍
	Jiexi	脧
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	𡳞
	Changting	𡳞子, 𡳞
	Wuping	𡳞
	Wuping (Yanqian)	𡳞子
	Wuping (Pingyu)	𡳞
	Liancheng	𡳞, 脧
	Ninghua	脧
	Yudu	卵, 卵子 †, 尒卵子 †
	Ningdu	卵
	Ruijin	卵陀
	Shicheng	卵梗
	Shangyou (Shexi)	卵
	Tonggu (Sandu)	卵子
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	卵
	Dayu	卵
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	𡳞, 脧, 脧仔
	Miaoli (Zaoqiao; N. Sixian)	脧仔
	Miaoli (Touwu; N. Sixian)	脧仔
	Miaoli (Nanzhuang; N. Sixian)	𡳞棍
	Miaoli (Shitan; N. Sixian)	𡳞棍
	Miaoli (Sanwan; N. Sixian)	𡳞棍
	Miaoli (Toufen; N. Sixian)	𡳞棍
	Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian)	𡳞, 𡳞棍, 脧仔
	Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian)	𡳞棍, 脧仔
	Changhua (Pitou; N. Sixian)	𡳞棍, 脧仔
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	𡳞
	Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian)	𡳞
	Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian)	𡳞, 脧仔
	Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian)	𡳞
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	𡳞棍
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	𡳞棍
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	𡳞棍
	Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping)	脧
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	脧子
	Hong Kong	𡳞, 脧 †
	Mengshan (Xihe)	𡳞
	Luchuan	脧
	Sabah (Bao'an)	𡳞棍, 𡳞
	Sabah (Longchuan)	脧仔
	Senai (Huiyang)	𡳞棍
	Singkawang	脧, 𡳞棍
	Pontianak (Meixian)	脧, 𡳞棍
Huizhou	Jixi	鳥, 老八鳥, 八鳥
	Shexian	鳥
	Huangshan (Tunxi)	雞兒, 鳥兒
	Xiuning	鳥, 卵, 雞兒, 雞雞 †, 下身 euphemistic
	Yixian	卵
	Qimen	屌兒
	Wuyuan	菩蒂
Jin	Taiyuan	㞗, 雞巴, 雀兒, 雞雞 †, 狗雞兒 †
	Taiyuan (Jiancaoping)	雞巴, 㞗
	Pingyao	㞗兒, 秤桿, 狗雞兒 †, 雞兒 †, 狗雞雞 †
	Xinzhou	㞗, 雞巴, 雞雞, 二掌櫃, 小腹, 雞溜子 †, 雞溜 †, 毛㞗 of an adult
	Shenmu	㞗, 屌子, 雞溜子, 雞雞 †, 沙奶奶 †
Northern Min	Jian'ou	𫵓, 𫵓仔, 𫵓𫵓仔 †
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	𫵓
	Songxi	𫵓
	Zhenghe	𫵓
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	𫵓牯
	Jianyang	𫵓
	Wuyishan	脧
	Pucheng (Shibei)	脧
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	欛欛, 䐯鳥, 欛欛囝 †, 鳥鳥囝 †, 䐯鳥囝 †
	Fuzhou (Changle)	欛欛囝
	Lianjiang (Tailu)	欛欛囝
	Fuqing	䐯, 鳥 †
	Yongtai	䐯鳥
	Gutian	䐯鳥
	Fu'an	䐯鳥
	Ningde	䐯
	Shouning	䐯鳥
	Zhouning	䐯鳥
	Fuding	䐯䐯, 䐯鳥
	Matsu	欛欛
Southern Min	Xiamen	𡳞鳥, 𡳞𦉎, 𡳞, 鳥仔 †
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	𡳞鳥
	Quanzhou	𡳞鳥, 𡳞𦉎, 𡳞, 鳥仔 †
	Jinjiang	𡳞鳥
	Anxi	𡳞鳥
	Yongchun	𡳞鳥
	Zhangzhou	𡳞鳥, 𡳞𦉎, 𡳞, 鳥仔 †
	Zhangpu	𡳞
	Zhao'an	𡳞鳥
	Dongshan	𡳞鳥, 𡳞鳥仔 †
	Taipei	𡳞鳥
	Taipei (Wanhua)	𡳞鳥
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	𡳞鳥
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	𡳞鳥
	New Taipei (Pingxi)	𡳞鳥
	Kaohsiung	𡳞鳥
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	𡳞鳥
	Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang)	𡳞鳥
	Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)	𡳞鳥
	Kaohsiung (Tianliao)	𡳞鳥
	Yilan	𡳞鳥
	Yilan (Luodong)	𡳞鳥
	Yilan (Toucheng)	𡳞鳥
	Changhua (Lukang)	𡳞鳥
	Taichung	𡳞鳥
	Taichung (Wuqi)	𡳞鳥
	Tainan	𡳞鳥, 戛, 訶
	Tainan (Anping)	𡳞鳥
	Taitung	𡳞鳥
	Hsinchu	𡳞鳥
	Chiayi	𡳞鳥, 戛, 訶
	Chiayi County (Dongshi)	𡳞鳥
	Kinmen	𡳞鳥
	Penghu (Magong)	𡳞鳥
	Penghu (Xiyu)	𡳞鳥
	Penang (Hokkien)	𡳞鳥, 𡳞, 小弟, 咕咕鳥, 咕咕
	Singapore (Hokkien)	𡳞鳥, 𡳞, 弟弟, 小弟, 咕咕鳥 †, childish
	Manila (Hokkien)	𡳞鳥
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	𡳞, 𡳞公仔 †
	Datian	𡳞鳥
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	鳩
	Chaozhou	𡳞鳥, 𡳞
	Raoping	𡳞鳥, 𡳞
	Shantou	𡳞鳥, 𡳞
	Shantou (Chenghai)	𡳞
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	𡳞鳥
	Nan'ao (Houzhai)	𡳞
	Nan'ao (Yun'ao)	𡳞
	Jieyang	𡳞鳥, 𡳞, 鳥 †, 龜鳥 †
	Haifeng	𡳞鳥
	Bangkok (Teochew)	鳥, 𡳞, 𡳞鳥囝 †
	Chiang Mai (Teochew)	𡳞
	Hat Yai (Teochew)	𡳞, 𡳞鳥囝 †
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	𡳞
	Singapore (Teochew)	𡳞鳥, 𡳞
	Leizhou	𡳞, 鳥, 殼車, 家私, 尻川柄
	Wenchang	頹
	Haikou	頹, 鳥 †
Puxian Min	Putian	𡳞, 𡳞囝
	Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)	𡳞, 𡳞鳥, 𡳞鳥囝 †
	Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	𡳞, 𡳞囝
	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	𡳞, 𡳞囝, 𡳞鳥 †, 𡳞鳥囝 †
	Xianyou	𡳞, 𡳞鳥, 𡳞鳥囝 †
	Xianyou (Fengting)	𡳞, 𡳞鳥, 𡳞鳥囝 †
	Xianyou (Youyang)	𡳞, 𡳞鳥, 𡳞鳥囝 †
Central Min	Yong'an	脧
	Sanming (Sanyuan)	脧
	Sanming (Shaxian)	脧仔
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	卵, 卵脬
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	𨳍, 麻鳥, 二老弟, 慈姑椗 †
Shehua	Fu'an	𡳞仔
	Fuding	𡳞仔
	Luoyuan	𡳞仔
	Sanming	𡳞仔
	Shunchang	𡳞仔
	Hua'an	𡳞仔
	Guixi (Zhangping)	𡳞仔
	Cangnan	𡳞仔
	Jingning (Hexi)	𡳞
	Lishui	𡳞
	Longyou	𡳞鳥
	Chaozhou	𡳞仔
	Fengshun	𡳞仔
Wu	Shanghai	卵, 屌屌 †, 屌屌頭 †, 小雞雞 †, 麻鳥 †
	Shanghai (Chongming)	卵, 卵子, 卵卵 †, 小尿螺 †
	Suzhou	卵, 鳥, 雞雞 †, 小卵 †, 長生果 †
	Wuxi	卵
	Danyang	卵, 卵子, 屌子, 屌, 雞巴, 雞雞 †, 小雀雀 †, 雀雀 †, 八八 †, 八雞 †
	Hangzhou	雀兒, 八屌, 卵脬, 小八屌 †, 麻雀兒 †, 麻油壺兒 †
	Ningbo	卵, 卵子, 卵瓜瓜 †, 瓜瓜 †
	Wenzhou	頹, 卵脬, 卵脬兒, 臀卵脬, 脬兒 †, 脬脬兒 †, 奶哥鳥兒 †
	Jinhua	老八兒, 聊子, 雀, 雞巴, 八兒八兒 †
Xiang	Changsha	卵, 雞巴, 掉它, 太鬍子, 雞雞 †, 鳥鳥 †, 鳥 †, 梗梗 †
	Loudi	雞巴, 卵, 勺欛腦殼, 雞雞 †, 雞崽唧 †
	Shuangfeng	卵子, 雞蓀子 †
	Quanzhou	屌把
Note	† - of a boy

Determiner

der (colloquial)

shitty; despicable
這個der專業學它還有什麼意思！ [MSC, trad.]
这个der专业学它还有什么意思！ [MSC, simp.]
Zhèi ge der zhuānyè xué tā hái yǒu shénme yìsi! [Pinyin]
What's the point of studying this shitty major anymore?

Adjective

der (colloquial)

foolish
你這個樣子好der啊！ [MSC, trad.]
你这个样子好der啊！ [MSC, simp.]
Nǐ zhè ge yàngzǐ hǎo der a! [Pinyin]
This look of you is so foolish!

我簡直笑der了！／我简直笑der了！ ― Wǒ jiǎnzhí xiào der le! ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Cornish

Alternative forms

dre (Used before consonants)

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *truɨ, from Proto-Celtic *trei, from Proto-Indo-European *terh₂-.

Preposition

der (triggers soft mutation)

through, via
by means of

Inflection

Inflection of *der*
		singular	plural
1st person		dredhov	dredhon
2nd person		dredhos	dredhowgh
3rd person	m	dredho	dredha
3rd person	f	dredhi	dredha

Derived terms

der anow (“verbal”)
der ayrbost (“by airmail”)

Czech

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈdɛr]
Rhymes: -ɛr

Verb

der

second-person singular imperative of drát

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse þar, from Proto-Germanic *þar (“there”), cognate with English there, German da.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈdɛːˀr/, [ˈd̥ɛˀɐ̯], [ˈd̥eˀɐ̯], (as a pronoun) IPA^(key): /dɛr/, [d̥ɑ]

Adverb

der

there (in or at that place)

References

“der,1” in Den Danske Ordbog

Pronoun

der

(dummy pronoun) there (expletive word put in the subject field when the subject is postponed to the predicate field, typically with indefinite subjects or subjectless passive verbs)
der sad to katte på et bord
two cats were sitting on a table
(literally, “there sat two cats on a table”)

der blev diskuteret vildt
people were debating vehemently
(literally, “there was debated vehemently”)
(relative) who, which, that (introduces relative clauses, only when the pronoun is the subject of the sentence)
Synonyms: hvilken, som

alle kan være enige om, at det menneske, der kommer hjem fra sin dannelsesrejse, er et mere fuldbragt menneske end det, der tog af sted.
everybody can agree that the person that returns from an educational journey is a more complete person than the one that left
added to interrogative pronouns functioning as the subject of interrogative dependent clauses or exclamative independent clauses
jeg ved godt, hvem der vinder den flaske
I know who is going to win that bottle

hvem der bare havde en hund!
if only I had a dog

References

“der,2” in Den Danske Ordbog
“der,3” in Den Danske Ordbog

Particle

der

(deictic particle) that (put after a definite noun phrase)
hun købte bordet der for ingen penge
she bought that table for no money

Dutch

Pronunciation

(stressed) IPA^(key): /dɛr/
(unstressed) IPA^(key): /dər/
Hyphenation: der

Etymology 1

Unstressed form of daar (“there”).

Adverb

der

there

Etymology 2

Article

der

(archaic) genitive singular feminine of de; of the
geschiedenis der Nederlandsche taal ― history of the Dutch language
(archaic) genitive plural of de; of the
het koninkrijk der Nederlanden ― the kingdom of the Netherlands
(archaic) dative singular feminine of de

Usage notes

The distinction of the dative case, which had long been frail and without any basis in actual speech, widely fell out of use over the course of the 19th century. The genitive case, chiefly of the plural, was still productively used in written style in the latter half of the 20th century, especially in order to avoid reduplication of van. However, it has since continuously lost ground and is now reserved to poetic and highly literary language (apart from fixed expressions and surnames).
The current pronunciation is a spelling pronunciation. Before the word became archaic, it was pronounced with a schwa, /dər/. The original pronunciation with a schwa survives in dialects, e.g. Ripuarian (where the word may be spelled d'r).

Declension

Dutch definite article

	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
nominative	de	de	het	de
genitive¹	des	der	des	der
dative¹	den	der	den	den
accusative¹	den	de	het	de
¹⁾ Archaic

Anagrams

red

French

Etymology

Clipping of dernier.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dɛʁ/

Noun

der m or f (plural ders)

last
la der des ders (referring to the First World War) ― the war that ends all wars (literally, “the last of the lasts”)

Derived terms

der des ders

Galician

Verb

der

first/third-person singular future subjunctive of dar

German

Etymology

From Middle High German dër, from Old High German dër, replacing the original masculine and feminine nominative forms from Proto-Germanic *sa, by analogy with the adjective inflection. Compare also Old Dutch thie and Old English sē where the same process occurred.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /deːr/, [deːɐ̯], [dɛɐ̯], [dɐ]
The most common pronunciation is [dɛɐ̯], which is possible in all contexts. The form [deːɐ̯] may be used when the word is stressed. The reduced form [dɐ] occurs chiefly after prepositions and conjunctions. In northern and central German vernaculars, the /d/ may then assimilate to any preceding consonant; so in der, auf der may become [ˈɪnɐ], [ˈaʊ̯fɐ].
Audio: (file)
Audio (Germany (Berlin)): (file)
Rhymes: -eːɐ̯

Article

der

nominative masculine singular definite article, the

Usage notes

Articles are used with some nouns in certain situations where they are not used in English, for example:
Das Leben ist hart. ― Life is hard.
In colloquial German, articles are sometimes omitted when in English it would not make sense.

Declension

Declension of *der* (definite article)
	singular			plural
	m	f	n	plural
nominative	der	die	das	die
genitive	des	der	des	der
dative	dem	der	dem	den
accusative	den	die	das	die

Old declension:

Old declension of *der* (definite article)
	singular			plural
	m	f	n	plural
nominative	der	die	das (older also: daß)	die
genitive	des (older also: deß)	der	des (older also: deß)	deren or derer, also der
dative	dem	der	dem	denen, also den
accusative	den	die	das (older also: daß)	die

This older declension is not used anymore.
For examples see Citations:der.

Derived terms

Article

der

inflection of der:

Pronoun

der m (relative)

who; that; which
Ich kenne einen Mann, der das kann. ― I know a man who can do that.

Usage notes

In a subordinate clause, indicates a person or thing referenced in the main clause. Used with masculine singular referents.

Declension

Declension of *der* (relative pronoun)
	singular			plural
	m	f	n	plural
nominative	der	die	das	die
genitive	dessen	deren derer	dessen	deren derer
dative	dem	der	dem	denen
accusative	den	die	das	die

See deren for usage notes on derer and deren.
Modern grammar books mention the colloquial genitive plural form der.

Old declension:

Old declension of *der* (relative pronoun)
	singular			plural
	m	f	n	plural
nominative	der	die	das older also: daß	die
genitive	dessen older also: deß, des	deren older also: der, dero	dessen older also: deß, des	derer also: deren older also: dero
dative	dem older also: deme	der	dem older also: deme	denen
accusative	den	die	das older also: daß	die

Pronoun

der f (relative)

dative feminine singular of der: (to) whom, which, that

Pronoun

der (demonstrative)

(attributive, stressed) that
Der Mann war es! ― It was that man!
(indicative) him, he (in informal speech not necessarily emphasizing anything)
Der hat es getan! ― It was him who did it!

Ich schreib mit dem nur wenn er mir schreibt. ― I only text him when he texts me.
(differential) the one, him
Der mit dem Mantel ― The one with the coat

Declension

Declension of *der*
	singular			plural
	m	f	n	plural
nominative	der	die	das	die
genitive	dessen	deren derer	dessen	deren derer
dative	dem	der	dem	denen
accusative	den	die	das	die

See deren for usage notes on derer and deren.
Modern grammar books mention the colloquial genitive plural form der.

Old declension:

Old declension of *der* (demonstrative pronoun)
	singular			plural
	m	f	n	plural
nominative	der	die	das older also: daß	die
genitive	dessen older also: deß, des	deren older also: der, dero	dessen older also: deß, des	derer also: deren older also: dero
dative	dem older also: deme	der	dem older also: deme	denen
accusative	den	die	das older also: daß	die

Pronoun

der f (demonstrative)

dative feminine singular of der: (to) that, (to) her

Hunsrik

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /tɐ/

Pronoun

der

unstressed dative of du

Inflection

Hunsrik personal pronouns
			nominative		accusative		dative
			proclitic	enclitic	stressed	unstressed	stressed	unstressed
singular	1st person		ich eich	-ich	mich meich		meer	mer m'r
	2nd person (informal)		du dau/Dau	-du, -de -Dau, -De	dich deich/Deich		deer	der d'r/D'r
	3rd person	m	er; där	-er	ihn	en	ihm	em
		f	sie; die	-se	sie / ihns	se	eer ehr	re
		n	es; das et, 't	's	es et	-et, -'t	ihm	em
plural	1st person		meer	mer	uns uhs
	2nd person		deer Ehr, Dehr	der	eich Auch
	3rd person		sie; die	-se	sie	se	denne

Latin

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈdɛr]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈdɛr]

Verb

der

first-person singular present passive subjunctive of dō

Limburgish

Alternative forms

d'r (reduced form, the only form in most dialects)
- der- (Eupen, exists solely as a prefix)

Etymology

From Middle Dutch der, unstressed form of dāer, from Old Dutch thar, from Proto-West Germanic *þār, from Proto-Germanic *þar.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dæʀ/
Hyphenation: der
Rhymes: -æʀ

Adverb

der

there

Synonyms

dao

Luxembourgish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /der/, [dɐ]

Etymology 1

From Middle High German der.

In the masculine singular, der was originally nominative and den was accusative. This case distinction, which still exists in Standard German, was then lost in Luxembourgish. Why the form der was reassigned to usage with taboo words seems unexplained.

Determiner

der

unstressed form of där
(archaic outside idioms) alternative form of den (masculine definite article) used with certain taboo words, especially Däiwel (“devil”) and Doud (“death”)

Declension

Luxembourgish definite articles
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
nom./acc.	deen (den)	déi (d')	dat (d')	déi (d')
dative	deem (dem)	där (der)	deem (dem)	deen (den)
genitive		der

Etymology 2

Pronoun

der

unstressed form of dir

Declension

Luxembourgish personal pronouns
				nominative		accusative		dative		reflexive
				stressed	unstressed	stressed	unstressed	stressed	unstressed	reflexive
singular	1st person			ech	—	mech	—	mir	mer	like dat. and acc.
	2nd person	informal		du	de	dech	—	dir	der	like dat. and acc.
	2nd person	formal		Dir	Der	Iech	Iech [əɕ]	Iech	Iech [əɕ]	Iech
	3rd person		m	hien	en	hien	en	him	em	sech
			f	si	se	si	se	hir	er	sech
			n	hatt	et ('t)	hatt	et ('t)	him	em	sech
plural	1st person			mir	mer	eis (ons)	—	eis (ons)	—	eis (ons)
	2nd person			dir	der	iech	iech [əɕ]	iech	iech [əɕ]	iech
	3rd person			si	se	si	se	hinnen	en	sech

Etymology 3

Fossiled genitive plural of the demonstrative pronoun (see deen). Cognate with German derer (only optionally and rarely so used), Dutch er (used as in Luxembourgish).

Adverb

der

Used with numbers that refer back to a previously named noun; compare French en, Dutch er.
Ech hunn zwee Kanner an hien huet der dräi.
I have two children and he has three.
- (Can we date this quote?), “Zwou Bulle Mokka”, performed by Fausti:
  Zwou Bulle Mokka, zwou sou séiss wéi Zocker.
  Zwou Bulle Mokka, do fäls de bal vum Hocker.
  Zwou Bulle Mokka, zwou Bulle man dech frou,
  Well et sinn der zwou – esou.
  Two scoops of mocha, two as sweet as sugar.
  Two scoops of mocha, you almost fall off your stool.
  Two scoops of mocha, two scoops make you happy,
  Because they’re two – just like that.
  Or: Because it’s two of them – just like that.

Middle Dutch

Article

der

inflection of die:
1. feminine genitive/dative singular
2. genitive plural

Adverb

der

unstressed form of dāer

Middle English

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old English dēor, from Proto-West Germanic *deuʀ, from Proto-Germanic *deuzą, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwes-.

Alternative forms

deer, dere, dier
deare, dure (Late Middle English)
deor, dor, duer, dur (Southern, West Midland)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /deːr/
IPA^(key): /døːr/ (Southern, West Midland)

Noun

der (plural der)

A wild animal (especially a mammal or quadruped)
A deer (animal of the family Cervidae)

Related terms

Descendants

English: deer
Middle Scots: dere, deir, deyr
- Scots: deer

References

“dēr, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

Noun

der

(Lincolnshire) alternative form of dere (“harm”)

Middle High German

Etymology

Inherited from Old High German dër, from Proto-Germanic *sa, by analogy with the adjective inflection.

Pronoun

dër

(definite article) the
alliu diu freude, die diu werlt hat
all the joy that the world has
(relative) who, which, that

Declension

Declension of *dër*
	singular
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	dër	diu	daȥ
genitive	dës	dër, dëre	dës
dative	dëm, dëme	dër, dëre	dëm, dëme
accusative	dën	die	daȥ
instrumental	–	–	diu
	plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	die		diu
genitive	dër, dëre
dative	dën
accusative	die		diu

Descendants

Alemannic German: der
German: der
Pennsylvania German: der
Yiddish: דער (der)

Mizo

Verb

der

to be weak
to pretend to, feign (doing something)

Mòcheno

Etymology

From Middle High German der, from Old High German der, ther, from Proto-Germanic *þa, an alteration of *sa. Cognate with German der, English the.

Article

der (feminine de, neuter s, plural de)

the, nominative singular masculine definite article

References

“der” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.

Northern Kurdish

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰwer-. Compare English door, Persian (dar), Ossetian дуар (dwar), Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬨 (duuar^əm), Russian дверь (dverʹ).

Adverb

der

out, outside, outdoors

Noun

der f

door

Synonyms

derî

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse þar.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dæːɾ/
Rhymes: -ɛɾ

Adverb

der

there

Derived terms

References

“der” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Old Norse þar. Akin to English there.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dæːr/, /deːr/

Adverb

der

there

Derived terms

dermed

Etymology 2

From Middle Norwegian *þiðr, whence also dere. Borrowed from Old East Norse iðʀ with added þ-, similar to þit from hafið it.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /deːɾ/

Pronoun

der

(dialectal, South East Norway) objective case of de; alternative form of dykk (“you (plural)”)

References

“der” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old High German

Alternative forms

thër — Upper Franconian

Etymology

Derived from Proto-Germanic *sa, by analogy with the adjective inflection.

Pronoun

dër

(definite article) the
(relative) who, which, that

Declension

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	Please see the discussion on Requests for cleanup⁽⁺⁾ or the talk page for more information and remove this template after the problem has been dealt with.

Declension of dër
	Singular
	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
nominative	dër	diu	daȥ
genitive	dës	dëra (dëru, dëro)	dës
dative	dëmu, dëmo	dëru, dëro	dëmu, dëmo
accusative	dën	dea, dia (die)	daȥ
instrumental	diu
diu
	Plural
	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
nominative	dê, dea, dia, die	deo, dio	diu (dei)
genitive	dëro
dative	dêm
accusative	dê, dea, dia, die	deo, dio	diu (dei)

Descendants

Middle High German: dër
- German: der

Pennsylvania German

Etymology

Compare German der.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dɛɐ̯/

Article

der m (definite)

the

Declension

	singular			plural
	m	f	n	plural
nominative	der	die	es	die
dative	dem, em	der	dem, em	de
accusative	der, den	die	es	die

Article

der

inflection of der:
1. dative feminine singular
2. accusative masculine singular

Pronoun

der

dative of du: you, to you

Declension

Pennsylvania German personal pronouns
Number	singular						plural
Person/ Gender	1st	2nd person		3rd person			1st	2nd	3rd
Person/ Gender	1st	familiar	polite/formal	m	f	n	1st	2nd	3rd
nominative	ich	du de¹	dihr der¹ Sie	er	sie se¹	es	mir mer¹	dihr der¹	sie
dative	mir mer¹	dir der¹	eich Ihne Ne¹	ihm em¹	ihre re¹	ihm em¹	uns	eich	ihne ne¹
accusative	mich	dich	eich Sie	ihn en¹	sie se¹	es	uns	eich	sie

¹ unstressed

Pronoun

der

you (plural)
you (polite)

Declension

Pennsylvania German personal pronouns
Number	singular						plural
Person/ Gender	1st	2nd person		3rd person			1st	2nd	3rd
Person/ Gender	1st	familiar	polite/formal	m	f	n	1st	2nd	3rd
nominative	ich	du de¹	dihr der¹ Sie	er	sie se¹	es	mir mer¹	dihr der¹	sie
dative	mir mer¹	dir der¹	eich Ihne Ne¹	ihm em¹	ihre re¹	ihm em¹	uns	eich	ihne ne¹
accusative	mich	dich	eich Sie	ihn en¹	sie se¹	es	uns	eich	sie

¹ unstressed

Portuguese

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈdɛ(ʁ)/ [ˈdɛ(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ˈdɛ(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ˈdɛ(ʁ)/ [ˈdɛ(χ)]
- (Caipira) IPA^(key): /ˈdɛ(ɻ)/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈdɛɾ/
- (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈdɛ.ɾi/

Verb

der

first/third-person singular future subjunctive of dar

Sundanese

Verb

der (Sundanese script ᮏᮤᮌ᮪)

(inchoative) indicating the occurrence of noise or commotion
- 2019, Tatang Sumarsono, Unak-Anik Balap Kuda & Kuda Balap, Jakarta: PT Dunia Pustaka Jaya., page 20:
  Ceuk cohagna, asalna kasebutna kuda jeung sukuna angger aya opat, der waé sinah mariluan balap.
  To put it crudely, "as long as it’s called a horse and it’s got four legs, then go ahead and let 'em race."

Swedish

Adverb

der

obsolete spelling of där

Anagrams

red

Turkish

Verb

der

third-person singular indicative aorist of demek

West Frisian

Adverb

der

there (unspecific to distance)
Der binne trije Fryske talen
There are three Frisian languages.

Wolof

Pronunciation

Audio: (file)

Noun

der (definite form der wi)

skin

Translingual

Etymology

Symbol

See also

English

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Interjection

Synonyms

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Adverb

Interjection

Noun

Pronoun

Derived terms

Anagrams

Alemannic German

Etymology

Article

Declension

Chinese

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Particle

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Determiner

Adjective

Cornish

Alternative forms

Etymology

Preposition

Inflection

Derived terms

Czech

Pronunciation

Verb

Danish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adverb

References

Pronoun

References

Particle

Dutch

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Adverb

Synonyms

Antonyms

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Article

Usage notes

Declension

Anagrams

French

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Galician

Verb

German

Etymology

Pronunciation

Article

Usage notes

Declension

Derived terms

Article

Pronoun

Usage notes

Declension

Pronoun