asma

See also: asmā, aşma, asmă, and Asma

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch astma, from Latin āsthma, from Ancient Greek ἆσθμα (âsthma).

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

asma (uncountable)

1. asthma

Azerbaijani

Verb

asmá

1. verbal noun of asmaq (“to hang”)

Adjective

asmá (not comparable)

1. hanging, suspension

   asma körpü ― suspension bridge

Verb

ásma

1. negative second-person singular imperative of asmaq (“to hang”)

Anagrams

• masa

References

• Orucov, Əliheydər, editor (2006), “asma”, in Azərbaycan dilinin izahlı lüğəti [Explanatory Dictionary of the Azerbaijani Language]‎^[1] (in Azerbaijani), 2nd edition, volume 1, Baku: Şərq-Qərb

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin āsthma, from Ancient Greek ἆσθμα (âsthma, “laborous breathing”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ˈaz.mə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈaz.ma]

• Audio (Catalonia):

  (file)

Noun

asma f (uncountable)

1. (pathology) asthma

Related terms

• asmàtic

Further reading

• “asma”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈasma/
• Hyphenation: as‧ma

Etymology 1

From Dutch astma.

Noun

asma (plural asma-asma)

1. (pathology) asthma

Adjective

asma (comparative lebih asma, superlative paling asma)

1. (colloquial) chest tightness

Synonyms

• bengek

Etymology 2

From Arabic أَسْمَى (ʔasmā).

Noun

asma (plural asma-asma)

1. (honorific) name

   Synonym: nama

Further reading

• “asma”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish asma, from Ancient Greek ἆσθμα (âsthma, “laborous breathing”).

Noun

asma m (genitive singular asma)

1. (pathology) asthma

Declension

Declension of asma (fourth declension, no plural)

bare forms singular nominative asma vocative a asma genitive asma dative asma forms with the definite article singular nominative an t-asma genitive an asma dative leis an asma don asma

Derived terms

• asmach (“asthmatic”, adjective)

Mutation

Mutated forms of asma

radical	eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
asma	n-asma	hasma	not applicable

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “asma”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla [Irish–English Dictionary], Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “asma”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959), “asma”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “asma”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2026

Italian

Etymology

From Latin āsthma, from Ancient Greek ἆσθμα (âsthma, “laborous breathing”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈaz.ma/
• Rhymes: -azma
• Hyphenation: à‧sma

Noun

asma f (plural asme)

1. (pathology) asthma

Related terms

• asmatico (“asthmatic”)

Anagrams

• Samà

Javanese

Romanization

asma

1. romanization of ꦲꦱ꧀ꦩ

Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ᾆσμᾰ (āîsmă, “lyric song”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈaːs.ma]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈaz.ma]

Noun

āsma n (genitive āsmatis); third declension

1. (music) song; lyric ode; hymn

Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

	singular	plural
nominative	āsma	āsmata
genitive	āsmatis	āsmatum
dative	āsmatī	āsmatibus
accusative	āsma	āsmata
ablative	āsmate	āsmatibus
vocative	āsma	āsmata

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• 𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀫 (Brahmi script)
• अस्म (Devanagari script)
• অস্ম (Bengali script)
• අස‍්ම (Sinhalese script)
• အသ္မ or ဢသ္မ or ဢသ်မ (Burmese script)
• อสฺม or อัสมะ (Thai script)
• ᩋᩈ᩠ᨾ (Tai Tham script)
• ອສ຺ມ or ອັສມະ (Lao script)
• អស្ម (Khmer script)
• 𑄃𑄥𑄴𑄟 (Chakma script)

Verb

asma

1. present first-person plural of atthi

Noun

asma

1. vocative singular of asman

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin āsthma, from Ancient Greek ἆσθμα (âsthma, “laborous breathing”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈaz.mɐ/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈaz.mɐ/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ˈaʒ.mɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈaz.ma/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈaʒ.mɐ/

• Audio (Brazil (Caipira)):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aʒmɐ, -azmɐ
• Hyphenation: as‧ma

Noun

asma f (uncountable)

1. (pathology) asthma

Further reading

• “asma”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “asma”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Spanish

Etymology

Semi-learned borrowing from Latin āsthma, from Ancient Greek ἆσθμα (âsthma, “short-drawn breath, panting”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈasma/ [ˈaz.ma]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -asma
• Syllabification: as‧ma

Noun

asma f (plural asmas)

1. (pathology) asthma

Usage notes

• Before feminine nouns beginning with stressed /ˈa/ like asma, the singular definite article takes the form of el (otherwise reserved for masculine nouns) instead of the usual la: el asma. This includes the contracted forms al and del (instead of a la and de la, respectively): al asma, del asma.

This also applies to the indefinite article, which takes the form of un, which is otherwise used with masculine nouns (although the standard feminine form una also occurs): un asma or una asma. The same is true with determiners algún/alguna and ningún/ninguna, as well as for numerals ending with 1 (e.g., veintiún/veintiuna).

However, if another word intervenes between the article and the noun, the usual feminine singular articles and determiners (la, una etc.) are used: la mejor asma, una buena asma.

• In these cases, el and un are not masculine but feminine, deriving from Latin illa and una, respectively, even though they are identical in form to the corresponding masculine singular articles. Thus, they are allomorphs of the feminine singular articles la and una.
• The use of these allomorphs does not change the gender agreement of the adjectives modifying the feminine noun: el asma única, un(a) asma buena.
• In the plural, the usual feminine plural articles and determiners (las, unas, etc.) are always used.

Related terms

• asmático

Further reading

• “asma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025

Sundanese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈasma/, [ˈas.maʔ]

Sundanese register set
lemes	asma
lemes ka sorangan	nami, wasta
lemes ka batur	jenengan
loma	ngaran, aran
cohag	{{{co}}}

Etymology 1

From Arabic أَسْمَاء (ʔasmāʔ, “name”), plural of اِسْم (ism).

Noun

asma (Sundanese script ᮃᮞ᮪ᮙ)

1. (very polite) name

   Synonyms: jenengan, ngaran, nami, wasta

   Kalawan nyebat asmana Allah nu Maha Welas tur Maha Asih

   In the name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate

Sundanese register set
lemes	ampeg
lemes ka sorangan	{{{les}}}
lemes ka batur	{{{leb}}}
loma	asma, mengi
cohag	{{{co}}}

Etymology 2

From Indonesian asma, from Dutch astma.

Noun

asma (Sundanese script ᮃᮞ᮪ᮙ)

1. (pathology) asthma

Further reading

• "ASMA", in Coolsma, S (1913), Soendaneesch-Hollandsch Woordenboek (in Dutch), Leiden: A.W. Sijthoff's Uitgeversmaatschappij

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English asthma.

Noun

asma

1. asthma
   • 1992, anonymous author, Kirap!‎^[2]:

     Mi lukim stori long Kirap! [tok Inglis] bilong Mas 22, 1990, em i stori long pasin bilong helpim man i gat sik asma.

     I saw in the March 22, 1990, Awake! an article on asthma and treatment for it.

Turkish

Noun

asma (definite accusative asmayı, plural asmalar)

1. verbal noun of asmak

Declension

Declension of asma

singular plural nominative asma asmalar definite accusative asmayı asmaları dative asmaya asmalara locative asmada asmalarda ablative asmadan asmalardan genitive asmanın asmaların Possessive forms nominative singular plural 1st singular asmam asmalarım 2nd singular asman asmaların 3rd singular asması asmaları 1st plural asmamız asmalarımız 2nd plural asmanız asmalarınız 3rd plural asmaları asmaları definite accusative singular plural 1st singular asmamı asmalarımı 2nd singular asmanı asmalarını 3rd singular asmasını asmalarını 1st plural asmamızı asmalarımızı 2nd plural asmanızı asmalarınızı 3rd plural asmalarını asmalarını dative singular plural 1st singular asmama asmalarıma 2nd singular asmana asmalarına 3rd singular asmasına asmalarına 1st plural asmamıza asmalarımıza 2nd plural asmanıza asmalarınıza 3rd plural asmalarına asmalarına locative singular plural 1st singular asmamda asmalarımda 2nd singular asmanda asmalarında 3rd singular asmasında asmalarında 1st plural asmamızda asmalarımızda 2nd plural asmanızda asmalarınızda 3rd plural asmalarında asmalarında ablative singular plural 1st singular asmamdan asmalarımdan 2nd singular asmandan asmalarından 3rd singular asmasından asmalarından 1st plural asmamızdan asmalarımızdan 2nd plural asmanızdan asmalarınızdan 3rd plural asmalarından asmalarından genitive singular plural 1st singular asmamın asmalarımın 2nd singular asmanın asmalarının 3rd singular asmasının asmalarının 1st plural asmamızın asmalarımızın 2nd plural asmanızın asmalarınızın 3rd plural asmalarının asmalarının

Derived terms

• akasma
• karaasma
• meryemana asması
• sarıasma
• üzüm asması
• yaban asması

Verb

asma

1. second-person singular negative imperative of asmak

Further reading

• “asma”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu