abicio

Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep

Proto-Indo-European *-o

Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó

Proto-Italic *ap

Latin abder.

Latin ab-

Proto-Indo-European *(H)yeh₁-

Proto-Indo-European *(H)ih₁kyeti

Proto-Italic *jīkjō

Proto-Italic *jakjōder.

Latin iaciō

Latin abiciō

From ab- (“from, down or away from”) + iaciō (“throw, hurl”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [aˈbɪ.ki.oː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [aˈbiː.t͡ʃi.o]
(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [abˈjɪ.ki.oː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [abˈjiː.t͡ʃi.o]

Verb

abiciō (present infinitive abicere, perfect active abiēcī, supine abiectum); third (-iō variant) conjugation

to throw or hurl down or away, cast or push away or aside
to give up, abandon; expose; discard
to humble, degrade, reduce, lower, cast down
to overthrow, vanquish
to sell cheaply, undervalue; waste; degrade, belittle
(with se) to throw oneself on the ground; throw oneself away, degrade oneself, give up in despair
(of weapons) to discharge, fling, hurl, cast, throw

Conjugation

Conjugation of abiciō (third (-iō variant) conjugation)

indicative		singular				plural
indicative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	abiciō	abicis		abicit	abicimus	abicitis		abiciunt
	imperfect	abiciēbam	abiciēbās		abiciēbat	abiciēbāmus	abiciēbātis		abiciēbant
	future	abiciam	abiciēs		abiciet	abiciēmus	abiciētis		abicient
	perfect	abiēcī	abiēcistī		abiēcit	abiēcimus	abiēcistis		abiēcērunt, abiēcēre
	pluperfect	abiēceram	abiēcerās		abiēcerat	abiēcerāmus	abiēcerātis		abiēcerant
	future perfect	abiēcerō	abiēceris		abiēcerit	abiēcerimus	abiēceritis		abiēcerint
passive	present	abicior	abiceris, abicere		abicitur	abicimur	abiciminī		abiciuntur
	imperfect	abiciēbar	abiciēbāris, abiciēbāre		abiciēbātur	abiciēbāmur	abiciēbāminī		abiciēbantur
	future	abiciar	abiciēris, abiciēre		abiciētur	abiciēmur	abiciēminī		abicientur
	perfect	abiectus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	abiectus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	abiectus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular				plural
subjunctive		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	abiciam	abiciās		abiciat	abiciāmus	abiciātis		abiciant
	imperfect	abicerem	abicerēs		abiceret	abicerēmus	abicerētis		abicerent
	perfect	abiēcerim	abiēcerīs		abiēcerit	abiēcerīmus	abiēcerītis		abiēcerint
	pluperfect	abiēcissem	abiēcissēs		abiēcisset	abiēcissēmus	abiēcissētis		abiēcissent
passive	present	abiciar	abiciāris, abiciāre		abiciātur	abiciāmur	abiciāminī		abiciantur
	imperfect	abicerer	abicerēris, abicerēre		abicerētur	abicerēmur	abicerēminī		abicerentur
	perfect	abiectus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	abiectus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular				plural
imperative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	—	abice		—	—	abicite		—
active	future	—	abicitō		abicitō	—	abicitōte		abiciuntō
passive	present	—	abicere		—	—	abiciminī		—
passive	future	—	abicitor		abicitor	—	—		abiciuntor
non-finite forms		infinitive				participle
non-finite forms		active		passive		active		passive
present		abicere		abicī		abiciēns		—
future		abiectūrum esse		abiectum īrī		abiectūrus		abiciendus, abiciundus
perfect		abiēcisse		abiectum esse		—		abiectus
future perfect		—		abiectum fore		—		—
perfect potential		abiectūrum fuisse		—		—		—
verbal nouns		gerund					supine
		genitive	dative		accusative	ablative	accusative		ablative
		abiciendī	abiciendō		abiciendum	abiciendō	abiectum		abiectū

Synonyms

(throw): coniciō, iniciō, adiciō, obiciō, dēiciō, iaculor, iaciō, iactō, trāiciō, spargō, impingō, ēmittō, mittō, permittō
(give up, abandon): dēdō, dēstituō, dīmittō, prōdō, dēserō, concēdō, cēdō, dēcēdō, dēspondeō
(overthrow, vanquish): convellō, corruō, dēleō, dīruō, ēruō, ēvertō, opprimō, pervertō, prōflīgō, prōruō, prōsternō, subvertō, superobruō
(reduce): abdūcō, attenuō
(waste): comedō
(humble): contemnō, dēprimō, trādūcō

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “reduce”): amplificō, augeō
(antonym(s) of “waste”): salvō, servō

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

English: abject
Italian: abiettare
Portuguese: abjetar
Spanish: abyectar

References

“abicio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“abicio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
“abicio”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to throw oneself at some one's feet: ad pedes alicuius se proicere, se abicere, procumbere, se prosternere
- to study the commonplace: cogitationes in res humiles abicere (De Amic. 9. 32) (Opp. alte spectare, ad altiora tendere, altum, magnificum, divinum suspicere)
- to let a plan fall through: consilium abicere or deponere
- to picture to oneself again: memoriam alicuius rei repraesentare (opp. memoriam alicuius rei deponere, abicere)
- to banish grief: dolorem abicere, deponere, depellere
- to banish one's fears: abicere, omittere timorem
- to give up hoping: spem abicere, deponere
- to be quite insensible to all feelings of humanity: omnem humanitatem exuisse, abiecisse (Lig. 5. 14)
- to throw away one's arms: arma abicere