normal

See also: Normal and normál

Languages (21)

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Page categories

English

normal on Wikipedia

normal number on Wikipedia

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃-

Proto-Indo-European *-sḱéti

Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃sḱétider.

Proto-Hellenic *gignṓskō

Ancient Greek γιγνώσκω (gignṓskō)

Proto-Indo-European *-mṓ

Ancient Greek -μων (-mōn)

Ancient Greek γνώμων (gnṓmōn)bor.

Etruscanbor.?

Latin norma

Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.?

Proto-Italic *-ālis

Latin -ālis

Latin nōrmālisder.

English normal

From Latin normālis (“made according to a carpenter's square; later: according to a rule”), from nōrma (“carpenter's square”), of uncertain origin;^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] doublet of normale. The earliest meaning of the word in English was "perpendicular; forming a right angle" like something normālis (“made according to a carpenter's square”),^[1]^[5] but by Late Latin normālis had also come to mean "according to a rule", from which modern English senses of the word derive:^[5] in the 1800s, as people began to quantitatively study things like height, weight and blood pressure, the usual or most common values came to be called "normal", and by extension values regarded as healthy or desirable came to be called "normal" regardless of their usuality.^[6]

Pronunciation

(Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈnɔː.məl/, [ˈnɔː.mɫ̩]
(General American, Canada) IPA^(key): /ˈnoɹ.məl/, [ˈnoɹ.mɫ̩]
Audio (General American): (file)
(dialects of the US) IPA^(key): /ˈnɔ.məl/, [ˈnɔ.mɫ̩]
(Australian, New Zealand) IPA^(key): /ˈnoː.məl/, [ˈnoː.mɫ̩]
Hyphenation: norm‧al
Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)məl

Adjective

normal (comparative more normal or (both colloquial) normaler or normaller, superlative most normal or (both colloquial) normalest or normallest)

According to norms or rules or to a regular pattern.
Synonyms: customary, ordinary, standard, typical, usual; see also Thesaurus:normal

Antonyms: unconventional, nonstandard, unusual, special

Organize the data into third normal form.
- 2007, Steven Wilson, "Normal", Porcupine Tree, Nil Recurring.
  Prescription drugs, they help me through the day
  And that restraining order keeps me well at bay
  And what's normal now, anyway?
- 2014, Michael Rush, Politics & Society, Routledge, →ISBN, page 210:
  In other words, although the legal processes were observed, it was not a normal transfer of power within each of the ruling communist parties. […] Demonstrations of the sort that brought about the collapse of the communist regimes in Eastern Europe were not normal, and where attempts had previously been made to hold them, they were invariably suppressed by force.
1. (mathematics) Adhering to or being what is considered natural or regular in a particular field or context:
  1. (number theory, of a real number) In whose representation in a given base b ≥ 2, for every positive integer n, the bⁿ possible strings of n digits follow a uniform distribution.
    A number whose individual digits in a given base representation follow a uniform distribution is said to be simply normal.
    
    A number that is normal for every base b ≥ 2 is said to be absolutely normal.
  2. (algebra, of a subgroup) With cosets which form a group.
  3. (algebra, of a field extension of a field K) Which is the splitting field of a family of polynomials in K.
  4. (probability theory, statistics, of a distribution, random variable, etc.) Which has a very specific bell curve shape; that is or has the qualities of a normal distribution.
    Synonyms: Gaussian, standard normal
  5. (complex analysis, of a family of continuous functions) Which is pre-compact.
  6. (set theory, of a function from the ordinals to the ordinals) Which is strictly monotonically increasing and continuous with respect to the order topology.
  7. (linear algebra, of a matrix) Which commutes with its conjugate transpose.
  8. (functional analysis, of a Hilbert space operator) Which commutes with its adjoint.
  9. (category theory, of a morphism) Which is the kernel or cokernel of some morphism, respectively.
  10. (category theory, of a category) Which contains only normal morphisms.
  11. (topology, of a topology or topological space) In which disjoint closed sets can be separated by disjoint neighborhoods.
  12. (commutative algebra, of a domain) Integrally closed: equal its own integral closure in its field of fractions.
  13. (commutative algebra, of a ring) Such that all of its localizations at prime ideals are integrally closed domains.
  14. (algebraic geometry, of a variety or scheme) Such that the local ring at every point is an integrally closed domain.
Usual, healthy; not sick or ill or unlike oneself.
Synonyms: hale, healthy, well; see also Thesaurus:healthy

Antonyms: ill, poorly (British), sick, unwell; see also Thesaurus:ill

John is feeling normal again.
1. (fandom slang, sarcastic, with “about”) Fervently interested in a subject; obsessed.
  Synonym: fanatical
  
  I wrote a 30-page analysis of the show’s villain because I’m very normal about them.
(education, of a school) Teaching teachers how to teach; teaching teachers the norms of education.
My grandmother attended Mankato State Normal School; my grandfather attended Illinois State Normal University.
- 1928, Western Montana College, Western Montana College of Education, Catalogue of the Montana State Normal College, page 10:
  PURPOSE AND SCOPE[:] The State Normal College prepares teachers for the public schools of Montana. It accomplishes its work through professional courses, directed observation of expert teaching, and […]
(chemistry) Of, relating to, or being a solution containing one equivalent weight of solute per litre of solution.
(organic chemistry) Describing a straight chain isomer of an aliphatic hydrocarbon, or an aliphatic compound in which a substituent is in the 1- position of such a hydrocarbon.
(physics, of a mode in an oscillating system) In which all parts of an object vibrate at the same frequency (a normal mode).
(rail transport, of points) In the default position, set for the most frequently used route.
Antonym: reverse
(geometry) Perpendicular to a tangent of a curve or tangent plane of a surface.
Synonyms: at right angles to, perpendicular, orthogonal

Antonym: tangential

The interior normal vector of a perfect sphere always point toward the center, and the exterior normal vector directly away, and both are always collinear with the ray whose tip ends at the point of intersection, which is the intersection of all three sets of points.

Usage notes

When used to describe a group of people, normal can be understood as meaning those not part of the group are strange or freakish. Its usage can therefore be understood as offensive to those it excludes.

Derived terms

Related terms

norm

Translations

according to norms or rules

Arabic: عَادِيّ (ʕādiyy)
Belarusian: нарма́льны (narmálʹny)
Bulgarian: нормален (bg) (normalen)
Catalan: normal (ca)
Chinese:
Cantonese: 正常 (zing³ soeng⁴)

Mandarin: 正常 (zh) (zhèngcháng), 通常 (zh) (tōngcháng), 常態 / 常态 (zh) (chángtài)
Czech: normální (cs)
Danish: normal (da), almindelig (da)
Dutch: normaal (nl)
Estonian: normaalne
Finnish: säännönmukainen (fi)
French: normal (fr)
Galician: normal (gl)
German: normal (de)
Greek: φυσιολογικός (el) (fysiologikós)
Hebrew: נורמלי (he) m (normáli)
Hungarian: rendes (hu), normál (hu) , normális (hu)
Ido: normala (io)
Irish: please add this translation if you can
Italian: normale (it)
Japanese: 正常 (ja) (せいじょう, seijō), 通常 (ja) (つうじょう, tsūjō), 常態 (ja) (じょうたい, jōtai)
Latin: normalis
Latvian: normāls, parasts
Macedonian: нормален (normalen)
Maltese: normali m
Naga:
Khiamniungan Naga: vâu, vâu c pl
Nǀuu: please add this translation if you can
Old English: ġewunelīċ
Persian: نرمال (fa) (normâl)
Pohnpeian: unsek
Polish: normalny (pl)
Portuguese: normal (pt) n
Romanian: normal (ro)
Russian: норма́льный (ru) (normálʹnyj)
Scottish Gaelic: please add this translation if you can
Spanish: normal (es)
Swedish: normal (sv)
Thai: ธรรมดา (th) (tam-má-daa), ปกติ (th) (bpà-gà-dtì), ปรกติ (th) (bpròk-gà-dtì)
Ukrainian: норма́льний (uk) (normálʹnyj)
Welsh: arferol (cy)
Yiddish: נאָרמאַל (normal)

usual, ordinary

Albanian: please add this translation if you can
Arabic: عَادِيّ (ʕādiyy), طَبِيعِيّ (ar) (ṭabīʕiyy)
Armenian: հասարակ (hy) (hasarak), նորմալ (hy) (normal)
Belarusian: нарма́льны (narmálʹny)
Bulgarian: обикновен (bg) (obiknoven)
Catalan: normal (ca)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 正常 (zh) (zhèngcháng)
Czech: normální (cs)
Dutch: normaal (nl), normale (nl), gewoon (nl), gewone (nl)
Esperanto: normala
Estonian: harilik
Finnish: säännöllinen (fi)
French: normal (fr), ordinaire (fr)
Galician: normal (gl)
Georgian: please add this translation if you can
German: normal (de)
Greek: φυσιολογικός (el) (fysiologikós)
Haitian Creole: nòmal
Hebrew: רגיל (he) m (ragíl)
Hindi: साधारण (hi) (sādhāraṇ), ठीक (hi) (ṭhīk)
Hungarian: rendes (hu), szokványos (hu), szokásos (hu), megszokott (hu), mindennapos (hu), átlagos (hu)
Icelandic: venjulegur (is), eðlilegur (is)
Indonesian: normal (id), biasa (id)
Irish: normálta, gnáth-, gnách
Isan: please add this translation if you can
Italian: normale (it)
Japanese: 普通 (ja) (ふつう, futsū)
Kazakh: қалыпты (qalypty)
Khmer: ធម្មតា (km) (tʰoammeaʔdaa)
Korean: 정상의 (ko) (jeongsang-ui)
Lao: please add this translation if you can
Latvian: parasts, ierasts, pierasts, normāls
Lithuanian: please add this translation if you can
Māori: pūnoa
Mongolian: please add this translation if you can
Naga:
Khiamniungan Naga: vâu
Nepali: ठीक (ṭhīk), साधारण (sādhāraṇ)
Norwegian: normal (no), ordinær (no), vanlig (no), alminnelig (no)
Old English: ġewunelīċ
Persian: نرمال (fa) (normâl)
Pohnpeian: unsek
Polish: normalny (pl), zwykły (pl), zwyczajny (pl)
Portuguese: normal (pt)
Romanian: obișnuit (ro), normal (ro), uzual (ro)
Russian: норма́льный (ru) (normálʹnyj), обыкнове́нный (ru) (obyknovénnyj), обы́чный (ru) (obýčnyj)
Sanskrit: सामान्य (sa) (sāmānya)
Shan: please add this translation if you can
Spanish: normal (es)
Swedish: normal (sv)
Thai: ธรรมดา (th) (tam-má-daa), ปกติ (th) (bpà-gà-dtì), ปรกติ (th) (bpròk-gà-dtì)
Northern Thai: please add this translation if you can

Southern Thai: please add this translation if you can
Tibetan: རྒྱུན་ཆགས (rgyun chags), རྒྱུན་འཇགས (rgyun 'jags), རྒྱུན་གཏན (rgyun gtan), རྒྱུན་ཚུགས (rgyun tshugs), རྒྱུན་འཛུགས (rgyun 'dzugs)
Turkish: normal (tr), olağan (tr)
Ukrainian: норма́льний (uk) (normálʹnyj)
Urdu: معمولی (ma'mūlī), عام ('ām), سادھارن (sādhāran)
Vietnamese: bình thường (vi)
Yiddish: נאָרמאַל (normal)

healthy; not sick or ill

Armenian: նորմալ (hy) (normal)
Bulgarian: здрав (bg) (zdrav) (general), нормален (bg) (normalen) (not insane)
Catalan: normal (ca)
Czech: normální (cs)
Danish: rask (da)
Finnish: normaali (fi)
Hungarian: jól (hu)
Indonesian: normal (id), sehat (id)
Persian: نرمال (fa) (normâl)
Polish: normalny (pl)
Spanish: normal (es), bien (es), sano (es)
Swedish: normal (sv)

pertaining to a school to teach teachers how to teach

Bulgarian: ^{(please verify)} нормативен (normativen)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 師範 / 师范 (zh) (shīfàn)
Dutch: normaal (nl)
French: normal (fr)
Hungarian: tanárképző (hu)

rail transport, of points: in the default position

Bulgarian: please add this translation if you can
Catalan: normal (ca)

Noun

normal (countable and uncountable, plural normals)

(geometry, countable) A line or vector that is perpendicular to another line, surface, or plane.
(medicine, countable) A person who is healthy, normal, as opposed to one who is morbid.
- 2014, Ahmet Celik, Edibe Saricicek, Vahap Saricicek, Elif Sahin, Gokhan Ozdemir, Metin Kilinc, Ayten Oguz, Relation between the new anthropometric obesity parameters and inflammatory markers in healthy adult men‎^[1], SCIRJ:
  Subjects were grouped as Group 1 and Group 2 according to VAI, and normals, overweights and obeses according to BMI.
(slang, countable) A person who is normal, who fits into mainstream society, as opposed to those who live alternative lifestyles.
(countable, uncountable) The usual state.
I was quite ill for a while, but latterly seem to have returned to normal.

His workload is now back to normal.

Heavy workload is the new normal.
- 1930, Norman Lindsay, Redheap, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, →OCLC, page 269:
  Still, there was a hitch somewhere in the gathering that threw it out of normal.

Synonyms

(normal person): see Thesaurus:mainstreamer

Translations

mathematics: a line perpendicular to another

Armenian: նորմալ (hy) (normal)
Bulgarian: перпендикуляр m (perpendikuljar), нормала f (normala)
Catalan: normal (ca)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 法線 / 法线 (zh) (fǎxiàn)
Dutch: normaal (nl) f, loodlijn (nl) f
Estonian: normaal
Finnish: normaali (fi)
French: normale (fr) f
German: Normale (de) f
Greek: κάθετος (el) f (káthetos)
Hungarian: merőleges (hu)
Irish: normal m
Japanese: 法線 (ja) (ほうせん,hōsen)
Korean: 법선 (beopseon)
Latvian: perpendikuls (lv) m, normāle f
Māori: rārangi hāngai
Portuguese: normal (pt) f
Russian: норма́ль (ru) f (normálʹ)
Spanish: normal (es) f
Swedish: normal (sv) c
Vietnamese: pháp tuyến

person who fits in

Bulgarian: please add this translation if you can
Polish: normik (pl) m pers

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 “normal”, in Merriam-Webster.com Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
^ “normal”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
^ Douglas Harper (2001–2026), “normal”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
^ William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin Eli Smith, editors (1895–1910), “normal”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 The Merriam-Webster New Book of Word Histories (1991, →ISBN), age 321
^ Brent Davis, Dennis Sumara, Complexity and Education (2014, →ISBN)

Anagrams

Morlan, Marlon, Larmon, Molnar

Asturian

Adjective

normal (epicene, plural normales)

normal

Azerbaijani

Pronunciation

Hyphenation: nor‧mal

Adjective

normal

normal

Derived terms

References

Orucov, Əliheydər, editor (2006), “normal”, in Azərbaycan dilinin izahlı lüğəti [Explanatory Dictionary of the Azerbaijani Language]‎^[2] (in Azerbaijani), 2nd edition, volume 3, Baku: Şərq-Qərb

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from French normal.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (Northern, Central) [nurˈmal]
IPA^(key): (Balearic, Northwestern) [norˈmal]
IPA^(key): (Valencia) [noɾˈmal]
Audio (Catalonia): (file)

Adjective

normal m or f (masculine and feminine plural normals)

normal
Antonym: anormal

Derived terms

Danish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [nɒˈmæˀl]

Etymology 1

From French normale, Derived from Latin nōrmālis.

Noun

normal c (singular definite normalen, plural indefinite normaler)

a normal value or quantity (e.g. tempature etc.)
1. the usual and ordinary; business as usual
(mathematics) line or surface that is perpendicular to another line or surface

Declension

Declension of *normal*
common gender	singular		plural
common gender	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	normal	normalen	normaler	normalerne
genitive	normals	normalens	normalers	normalernes

Etymology 2

See above

Adjective

normal (neuter normalt, plural and definite singular attributive normale)

ordinary, usual, typical
Synonyms: typisk, almindelig
1. scheduled, planned
  Synonyms: planmæssig, ordinær
2. without deficiencies, working as it is should (living beings, organs etc.)
  Synonyms: rask, velfungerende
3. average
  Synonym: gennemsnitlig

Inflection

Inflection of *normal*
	positive	comparative	superlative
indefinite common singular	normal	—	—²
indefinite neuter singular	normalt	—	—²
plural	normale	—	—²
definite attributive¹	normale	—	—

¹ When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite,
the corresponding "indefinite" form is used.
² The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

Adverb

normal

usually, for the most part
Synonyms: sædvanligvis, almindeligvis

References

“normal” in Den Danske Ordbog

References

“normal” in Den Danske Ordbog

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin nōrmālis. By surface analysis, norme +‎ -al.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /nɔʁ.mal/
Audio: (file)
Audio (France (Vosges)): (file)
Audio (France (Lyon)): (file)

Adjective

normal (feminine normale, masculine plural normaux, feminine plural normales)

normal (according to norms, usual)
(relational) normal (relating to a school to teach teachers how to teach)
okay, alright
Antonym: anormal

Derived terms

Related terms

norme

Descendants

Haitian Creole: nòmal

German

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /nɔrˈmaːl/, [nɔʁˈmaːl], [nɔɐ̯-], [nɔ-], [no-]
Rhymes: -aːl
Audio (Germany (Berlin)): (file)

Adjective

normal (strong nominative masculine singular normaler, comparative normaler, superlative am normalsten)

ordinary, normal
völlig normal. ― completely normal.

Declension

Positive forms of normal

number & gender		singular			plural
number & gender		masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
predicative		er ist normal	sie ist normal	es ist normal	sie sind normal
strong declension (without article)	nominative	normaler	normale	normales	normale
	genitive	normalen	normaler	normalen	normaler
	dative	normalem	normaler	normalem	normalen
	accusative	normalen	normale	normales	normale
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der normale	die normale	das normale	die normalen
	genitive	des normalen	der normalen	des normalen	der normalen
	dative	dem normalen	der normalen	dem normalen	den normalen
	accusative	den normalen	die normale	das normale	die normalen
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein normaler	eine normale	ein normales	(keine) normalen
	genitive	eines normalen	einer normalen	eines normalen	(keiner) normalen
	dative	einem normalen	einer normalen	einem normalen	(keinen) normalen
	accusative	einen normalen	eine normale	ein normales	(keine) normalen

Comparative forms of normal

number & gender		singular			plural
number & gender		masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
predicative		er ist normaler	sie ist normaler	es ist normaler	sie sind normaler
strong declension (without article)	nominative	normalerer	normalere	normaleres	normalere
	genitive	normaleren	normalerer	normaleren	normalerer
	dative	normalerem	normalerer	normalerem	normaleren
	accusative	normaleren	normalere	normaleres	normalere
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der normalere	die normalere	das normalere	die normaleren
	genitive	des normaleren	der normaleren	des normaleren	der normaleren
	dative	dem normaleren	der normaleren	dem normaleren	den normaleren
	accusative	den normaleren	die normalere	das normalere	die normaleren
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein normalerer	eine normalere	ein normaleres	(keine) normaleren
	genitive	eines normaleren	einer normaleren	eines normaleren	(keiner) normaleren
	dative	einem normaleren	einer normaleren	einem normaleren	(keinen) normaleren
	accusative	einen normaleren	eine normalere	ein normaleres	(keine) normaleren

Superlative forms of normal

number & gender		singular			plural
number & gender		masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
predicative		er ist am normalsten	sie ist am normalsten	es ist am normalsten	sie sind am normalsten
strong declension (without article)	nominative	normalster	normalste	normalstes	normalste
	genitive	normalsten	normalster	normalsten	normalster
	dative	normalstem	normalster	normalstem	normalsten
	accusative	normalsten	normalste	normalstes	normalste
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der normalste	die normalste	das normalste	die normalsten
	genitive	des normalsten	der normalsten	des normalsten	der normalsten
	dative	dem normalsten	der normalsten	dem normalsten	den normalsten
	accusative	den normalsten	die normalste	das normalste	die normalsten
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein normalster	eine normalste	ein normalstes	(keine) normalsten
	genitive	eines normalsten	einer normalsten	eines normalsten	(keiner) normalsten
	dative	einem normalsten	einer normalsten	einem normalsten	(keinen) normalsten
	accusative	einen normalsten	eine normalste	ein normalstes	(keine) normalsten

Derived terms

Descendants

→ Silesian: normalny

Adverb

normal

(standard) ordinarily, normally, in a normal fashion
Er hat sich ganz normal benommen.
He behaved quite normally.
(colloquial) alternative form of normalerweise: usually, normally, in general
Normal geh ich früh ins Bett.
I normally go to bed early.

Interjection

normal

(colloquial) sure, of course, obviously; usually implies that something is trivial
Du hast mit zwölf schon geraucht? ― Normal.
You already smoked at twelve? ― Sure.

Hunsrik

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /norˈmaːl/
Rhymes: -aːl
Syllabification: nor‧mal

Adjective

normal

normal

Declension

Declension of *normal* (see also Appendix:Hunsrik adjectives)
		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
weak inflection	nominative	normal	normal	normal	normale
	accusative	normale	normal	normal	normale
	dative	normale	normale	normale	normale
strong inflection	nominative	normaler	normale	normales	normale
	accusative	normale	normale	normales	normale
	dative	normalem	normaler	normalem	normale

Indonesian

Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch normaal, ultimately derived from Latin nōrmālis.

Pronunciation

(Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈnormal/ [ˈnor.mal]
Rhymes: -ormal
Syllabification: nor‧mal

Adjective

normal (comparative lebih normal, superlative paling normal or ternormal, equative senormal)

normal

Derived terms

Related terms

Interlingua

Adjective

normal (comparative plus normal, superlative le plus normal)

normal
Antonym: anormal

Irish

Etymology

Borrowing from English normal.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈn̪ˠɔɾˠ(ə)mˠəlˠ/

Noun

normal m (genitive singular normail, nominative plural normail)

(geometry, statistics, chemistry) normal

Declension

Declension of normal (first declension)

bare forms
	singular	plural
nominative	normal	normail
vocative	a normail	a normala
genitive	normail	normal
dative	normal	normail

forms with the definite article
	singular	plural
nominative	an normal	na normail
genitive	an normail	na normal
dative	leis an normal don normal	leis na normail

Derived terms

aonadnormal m (“unit normal”)
normalach (“normal”, adjective)
normalacht f (“normality”)

Ladin

Adjective

normal m (feminine singular normala, masculine plural normai, feminine plural normales)

normal

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Latin normālis.

Adjective

normal (neuter singular normalt, definite singular and plural normale)

normal, ordinary
Antonym: unormal

Derived terms

References

“normal” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Latin normālis.

Adjective

normal (neuter singular normalt, definite singular and plural normale)

normal, ordinary
Antonym: unormal

Derived terms

References

“normal” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin normālis. By surface analysis, norma +‎ -al.

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /noʁˈmaw/ [noɦˈmaʊ̯]
- (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /noɾˈmaw/ [noɾˈmaʊ̯]
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /noʁˈmaw/ [noʁˈmaʊ̯]
- (Caipira) IPA^(key): /noɻˈmaw/ [noɻˈmaʊ̯]

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /nɔɾˈmal/ [nɔɾˈmaɫ]
- (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /nɔɾˈma.li/

(Northeast Brazil) IPA^(key): [nɔɦˈmaw]
(Rural Central Brazil) IPA^(key): [nuɹˈmaw]
Audio (Portugal (Porto)): (file)
Rhymes: (Portugal) -al, (Brazil) -aw
Hyphenation: nor‧mal

Adjective

normal m or f (plural normais)

normal, standard, regular
(geometry) normal (perpendicular to a tangent of a curve or derivative of a surface)

Derived terms

Related terms

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French normal, from Latin normālis. By surface analysis, normă +‎ -al.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /norˈmal/
Audio: (file)

Adjective

normal m or n (feminine singular normală, masculine plural normali, feminine/neuter plural normale)

normal

Related terms

normalitate

Adverb

normal

normally
of course, obviously
Synonyms: evident, logic

Normal că mi-e foame.
Of course I'm hungry.

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin nōrmālis.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /noɾˈmal/ [noɾˈmal]
Audio (Colombia): (file)
Rhymes: -al
Syllabification: nor‧mal

Adjective

normal m or f (masculine and feminine plural normales)

normal, standard, regular, fine
Synonyms: regular, común

Antonyms: anormal, raro, poco común

A mi me parece normal.
It seems fine to me.
(geometry) perpendicular
Synonym: perpendicular

Antonyms: oblicuo, paralelo

Derived terms

Related terms

norma

Noun

normal f (plural normales)

(education) a school for becoming a teacher

Swedish

Etymology

From Latin nōrmālis, from nōrma + -ālis, equivalent to norm +‎ -al.

Pronunciation

Audio: (file)

Adjective

normal (comparative normalare, superlative normalast)

normal
Antonyms: abnorm, onaturlig, onormal, sjuklig

Declension

Inflection of **normal**
Indefinite	positive	comparative	superlative¹
common singular	normal	normalare	normalast
neuter singular	normalt	normalare	normalast
plural	normala	normalare	normalast
masculine plural²	normale	normalare	normalast

Definite	positive	comparative	superlative
masculine singular³	normale	normalare	normalaste
all	normala	normalare	normalaste

¹ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
² Dated or archaic.
³ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

Related terms

normalisera

Noun

normal c

(geometry) a normal (a line which is perpendicular to another line or to a surface)
Antonym: tangent

Declension

Declension of **normal**
		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	normal	normals
singular	definite	normalen	normalens
plural	indefinite	normaler	normalers
plural	definite	normalerna	normalernas

References

“normal”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)

Tagalog

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish normal, from Latin nōrmālis.

Pronunciation

(Standard Tagalog)
- IPA^(key): /noɾˈmal/ [n̪oɾˈmal]
  - Rhymes: -al
- IPA^(key): /ˈnoɾmal/ [ˈn̪oɾ.mɐl] (English influence)
  - Rhymes: -oɾmal
Syllabification: nor‧mal

Adjective

normál or normal (Baybayin spelling ᜈᜓᜇ᜔ᜋᜎ᜔)

normal (according to norms or rules)
Synonym: regular
normal (usual, ordinary)
Synonyms: karaniwan, regular
normal (healthy; not sick or ill)
Synonyms: matino, mabuti
(education) normal (pertaining to a school to teach teachers how to teach)
(chemistry) normal (of, relating to, or being a solution containing one equivalent weight of solute per litre of solution)

Derived terms

Related terms

Turkish

Etymology

From French normal, from Latin nōrmālis.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /noɾˈmɑl/

Adjective

normal

Declension

Predicative forms of **normal**
present tense
	positive declarative	positive interrogative
ben (I am)	normalim	normal miyim?
sen (you are)	normalsin	normal misin?
o (he/she/it is)	normal / normaldir	normal mi?
biz (we are)	normaliz	normal miyiz?
siz (you are)	normalsiniz	normal misiniz?
onlar (they are)	normal(ler)	normal(ler) mi?
past tense
	positive declarative	positive interrogative
ben (I was)	normaldim	normal miydim?
sen (you were)	normaldin	normal miydin?
o (he/she/it was)	normaldi	normal miydi?
biz (we were)	normaldik	normal miydik?
siz (you were)	normaldiniz	normal miydiniz?
onlar (they were)	normaldiler	normal miydiler?
indirect past
	positive declarative	positive interrogative
ben (I was)	normalmişim	normal miymişim?
sen (you were)	normalmişsin	normal miymişsin?
o (he/she/it was)	normalmiş	normal miymiş?
biz (we were)	normalmişiz	normal miymişiz?
siz (you were)	normalmişsiniz	normal miymişsiniz?
onlar (they were)	normalmişler	normal miymişler?
conditional
	positive declarative	positive interrogative
ben (if I)	normalsem	normal miysem?
sen (if you)	normalsen	normal miysen?
o (if he/she/it)	normalse	normal miyse?
biz (if we)	normalsek	normal miysek?
siz (if you)	normalseniz	normal miyseniz?
onlar (if they)	normalseler	normal miyseler?

For negative forms, use the appropriate form of değil.

Noun

normal (definite accusative normali, uncountable)

normal (usual state)
standard

Declension

Declension of *normal*
	singular	plural
nominative	normal	—
definite accusative	normali	—
dative	normale	—
locative	normalde	—
ablative	normalden	—
genitive	normalin	—

Derived terms

Welsh

Noun

normal m (plural normalau, not mutable)

(geometry) normal

References

R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “normal”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

[MWO-1] 1.0 ^1.1 “normal”, in Merriam-Webster.com Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

[Dictionary.com-2] “normal”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.

[Etymonline-3] Douglas Harper (2001–2026), “normal”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

[Century-4] William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin Eli Smith, editors (1895–1910), “normal”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

[MW-NBWH-5] 5.0 ^5.1 The Merriam-Webster New Book of Word Histories (1991, →ISBN), age 321

[Davis-Sumara-6] Brent Davis, Dennis Sumara, Complexity and Education (2014, →ISBN)

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English

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Usage notes

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Noun

Synonyms

Translations

References

Anagrams

Asturian

Adjective

Azerbaijani

Pronunciation

Adjective

Derived terms

References

Catalan

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Derived terms

Further reading

Danish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Declension

Etymology 2

Adjective

Inflection

Adverb

References

References

French

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

Further reading

German

Pronunciation

Adjective

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

Adverb

Interjection

Further reading

Hunsrik

Pronunciation

Adjective

Declension

Further reading

Indonesian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Derived terms

Related terms

Further reading

Interlingua

Adjective

Irish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

Ladin

Adjective

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

Adjective