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hope

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Hope and hopë

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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    From Middle English hopen, from Old English hopian (“hope”), from Proto-West Germanic *hopōn; further etymology unclear.

    Cognates

    Cognate with Saterland Frisian, West Frisian hoopje (“to hope”), Cimbrian hòffan (“to hope”), Dutch hopen (“to hope”), German, Luxembourgish hoffen (“to hope”), Vilamovian höfnan (“hope”), Yiddish האָפֿן (hofn, “to hope”), Danish håbe (“to hope”), Norwegian Bokmål håpe (“to hope”), Norwegian Nynorsk håpa, håpe (“to hope”), Swedish hoppas (“to hope”).

    Verb

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    hope (third-person singular simple present hopes, present participle hoping, simple past and past participle hoped)

    1. To want (something) to happen, with a sense of expectation that it might [with that (+ clause); or (informal) with clause; or with so or (negative) not].
      They are hoping it does not rain, but I expect it will.
      He's still hoping that everything will turn out fine.
      — Is he going to shut up soon? — I hope so.
      I'm going to get a new car. I hope it will be better than the last one.
      I'd hoped I'd find a job, but I never did, so I was hoping you could lend me some cash.
      I hope {to - (that) I'll} have finished by next Sat at the latest.
      • 1884 [1827], Edgar Allan Poe, “Tamerlane”, in Richard Herne Shepherd, editor, Tamerlane and Other Poems, London: George Redway:
        I would not call thee fool, old man. / But hope is not a gift of thine; / If I can hope (O God! I can) / It falls from an eternal shrine.
      • 1961 October, “The winter timetables of British Railways: Southern Region”, in Trains Illustrated, page 593:
        It is to be hoped that some corresponding smartening up of these other schedules may be expected before long.
      • 2013 June 8, “Obama goes troll-hunting”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8839, page 55:
        The solitary, lumbering trolls of Scandinavian mythology would sometimes be turned to stone by exposure to sunlight. Barack Obama is hoping that several measures announced on June 4th will have a similarly paralysing effect on their modern incarnation, the patent troll.
    2. (catenative) To intend to do something and look forward to the prospect of having done it [with to (+ infinitive)].
      I hope to succeed.
      I hope to be going back again soon.
      I was hoping to find a pair of jeans, but I couldn't.
      • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter X, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
        He looked round the poor room, at the distempered walls, and the bad engravings in meretricious frames, the crinkly paper and wax flowers on the chiffonier; and he thought of a room like Father Bryan's, with panelling, with cut glass, with tulips in silver pots, such a room as he had hoped to have for his own.
    3. (intransitive) To expect optimistically that one might get something (either a change in circumstance or an object) [with for].
      They're hoping for the best, but I don't think it's looking very good.
      I'm hoping for my boss to offer me a pay raise.
      He's past hoping for any improvement.
    4. (intransitive) To place confidence; to trust with confident expectation of good [with in].
    5. (transitive, dialectal, nonstandard) To wish.
      I hope you all the best.
    Conjugation
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    Conjugation of hope
    infinitive (to) hope
    present tense past tense
    1st-person singular hope hoped
    2nd-person singular hope, hopest† hoped, hopedst†
    3rd-person singular hopes, hopeth† hoped
    plural hope
    subjunctive hope hoped
    imperative hope —
    participles hoping hoped

    † Archaic or obsolete.

    Derived terms
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    Translations
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    See also
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    Etymology 2

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    Etymology tree
    Proto-West Germanic *tōhopōnder.
    Old English tōhopa
    Old English hopa
    Middle English hope
    English hope

      From Middle English hope, from Old English hopa (“hope, expectation”), from the same source as the verb hope.

      Eclipsed non-native early modern English esperance, borrowed from Middle French esperance.

      Noun

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      hope (countable and uncountable, plural hopes)

      1. (countable or uncountable) The feeling of trust, confidence, belief or expectation that something wished for can or will happen.
        All hopes for a truce are gone after the latest attack.
        After losing my job, there's frail hope of affording my world cruise.
        There is still hope that we can find our missing cat.
        • 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter III, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:
          My hopes wa'n't disappointed. I never saw clams thicker than they was along them inshore flats. I filled my dreener in no time, and then it come to me that 'twouldn't be a bad idee to get a lot more, take 'em with me to Wellmouth, and peddle 'em out.
      2. (countable) The actual thing wished for.
      3. (countable) A person or thing that is a source of hope.
        We still have one hope left: my roommate might see the note I left on the table.
      4. (Christianity, uncountable) The virtuous desire for future good.
      Derived terms
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      Translations
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      The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
      Translations to be checked

      Etymology 3

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      From Middle English hope (“a valley”), from Old English hōp (found only in placenames). More at hoop.

      Noun

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      hope (plural hopes)

      1. (Should we move, merge or split(+) this sense?) (Northern England, Scotland) A hollow; a valley, especially the upper end of a narrow mountain valley when it is nearly encircled by smooth, green slopes; a combe.

      Etymology 4

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      From Icelandic hóp (“a small bay or inlet”). Cognate with English hoop.

      Noun

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      hope (plural hopes)

      1. (Should we move, merge or split(+) this sense?) A sloping plain between mountain ridges.[1]
      2. (Scotland) A small bay; an inlet; a haven.[2]

      References

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      1. ^ “hope”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
      2. ^ “hope”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

      Anagrams

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      Dutch

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      Pronunciation

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      Verb

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      hope

      1. (dated or formal) singular present subjunctive of hopen

      Hawaiian

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      Etymology

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      From Proto-Eastern Polynesian *sope (“buttocks, rear end”). Cognate with Māori hope (“waist”), Tahitian hope (“finished”).

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      hope

      1. back, rear, (of a vessel) aft
      2. subsequent, next
      3. younger
      4. last
      5. residue
      6. fate

      Derived terms

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      Further reading

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      Māori

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      Etymology

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      From Proto-Eastern Polynesian *sope (“buttocks, rear end”). Cognate with Hawaiian hope (“behind”), Tahitian hope (“finished”).

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      hope

      1. waist
      2. hip (ringa hope)

      Derived terms

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      Further reading

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      • John C. Moorfield (2011), “hope”, in Te Aka: Māori–English, English–Māori Dictionary and Index, 3rd edition, Longman/Pearson Education New Zealand, →ISBN

      Middle English

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      Alternative forms

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      Etymology

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        From Old English hopa.

        Pronunciation

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        Noun

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        hope (plural hopes)

        1. trust, confidence; wishful desire; expectation

        Descendants

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        • English: hope
        • Yola: hopes (plural)

        References

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        Shona

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        Etymology

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        From the root of Common Bantu *dʊ̀kópè, whence also chikope (“eyelid”).

        Noun

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        hópé class 10

        1. sleep

        Spanish

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        Verb

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        hope

        1. only used in me hope, first-person singular present subjunctive of hoparse
        2. only used in se hope, third-person singular present subjunctive of hoparse
        3. only used in se ... hope, syntactic variant of hópese, third-person singular imperative of hoparse

        West Frisian

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        Pronunciation

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        Noun

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        hope n (no plural)

        1. alternative form of hoop
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