Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/pula

This Proto-Tungusic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Tungusic

Etymology

Borrowed from Proto-Mongolic *hulaxan (“red”) or from a Para-Mongolic language. According to Doerfer, the original Tungusic word for "red" should be related to *sēkse (“blood”), compare Nanai сэгден (segʒen, “red”).

Adjective

*pula

1. red

Descendants

• Jurchenic:
  • Jurchen: 伏良 (fu-liang /⁠fulgiyan⁠/)
    • Manchu: ᡶ᠋ᡠᠯᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ (fulgiyan)
• Tungusic
  • Northern Tungusic:
    • Even: хуланя̄ (hulaņā)
    • Evenki: хулама (hulama), хуларин (hularin)
      • ⇒ Evenki: хула (hula, “aspen tree”)
        • ⇒? Proto-Yeniseian: *iwpatɬ (“aspen tree”), *ɨpʰəl (per Werner 2002), *ɯpʰʌl (per Vajda-Werner 2022)
          • Ketic:
            • Ket: ыль (ɨ̄lʲ), ыыль (ɨ́ɨ̀lʲ)
            • Yug: ыфыл (ɨfɨl)
          • Kottic:
            • Kott: îpal (C.)
    • Negidal: холайӣн (xolajīn)
    • Oroqen: ʊla:rɪn
  • Southern Tungusic:
    • Central:
      • Udihe: хулалиғи (xulaliɣi)

References

• Doerfer, Gerhard (1985), Mongolo-Tungusica (in German), Wiesbaden: O. Harrassowitz, page 23
• Doerfer, Gerhard (1963), Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 16)‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, page 540
• Cincius, V. I. (1977), Сравнительный словарь тунгусо-маньчжурских языков [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages] (in Russian), volume 2, Leningrad: Nauka, pages 343-344
• Kane, Daniel (1989), The Sino-Jurchen Vocabulary of the Bureau of Interpreters (Uralic and Altaic Series; vol. 153), Bloomington, Indiana: Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies, Indiana University, →ISBN, page 359.