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List of Polish mathematicians

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A list of notable Polish mathematicians:

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by editing the page to add missing items, with references to reliable sources.
Name Image Born Died
Bruno Abakanowicz Edit this on Wikidata6 Oct 1852
Ukmergė		29 Aug 1900
Paris
Kazimierz Abramowicz Edit this on Wikidata1889[1][2]
Brzeziny		1936[1][2]
Poznań
Andrzej Alexiewicz Edit this on Wikidata11 Feb 1917[3]
Lviv		11 Jul 1995[3]
Poznań
Krzysztof R. Apt Edit this on Wikidata1949
Katowice
Nachman Aronszajn Edit this on Wikidata26 Jul 1907[4]
Warsaw		5 Feb 1980[4]
Corvallis
Tytus Babczyński Edit this on Wikidata1830[1][2]
Warsaw		1910[1][2]
Stefan Banach Edit this on Wikidata30 Mar 1892[5][4][6]
Kraków[7]		31 Aug 1945[7][8][5]
Lviv[7][9]
Tadeusz Banachiewicz Edit this on Wikidata13 Feb 1882[10][4][6]
Warsaw		17 Nov 1954[10][4][6]
Kraków[10]
Feliks Barański Edit this on Wikidata18 May 1915
Lviv		10 Feb 2006
Kraków
Kazimierz Bartel Edit this on Wikidata3 Mar 1882[11][6][12]
Lviv		26 Jul 1941[11][12]
Lviv
Tomek Bartoszyński Edit this on Wikidata16 May 1957
Warsaw
Andrzej Białynicki-Birula Edit this on Wikidata26 Dec 1935
Navahrudak		19 Apr 2021[13]
Mieczysław Biernacki Edit this on Wikidata30 Mar 1891[14]
Lublin		21 Nov 1959[14]
Lublin
Karol Borsuk Edit this on Wikidata8 May 1905[15][16][4]
Warsaw[16]		24 Jan 1982[15][16][4]
Warsaw
Jerzy Browkin Edit this on Wikidata5 Nov 1934
Lukiv		23 Nov 2015
Warsaw
Jan Brożek Edit this on Wikidata1 Nov 1585
Kurzelów		21 Nov 1652
Bronowice Małe, Kraków
Albert Brudzewski Edit this on Wikidata1445[1][17]
Kalisz, Brudzew		1497[1][17]
Vilnius
Leon Chwistek Edit this on Wikidata13 Jun 1884[18][19][20]
Kraków		20 Aug 1944[18][6][21]
Barvikha[22][23], Barvikha
Zbigniew Ciesielski Edit this on Wikidata1 Oct 1934
Gdańsk		5 Oct 2020
Sopot
Kazimierz Cwojdziński Edit this on Wikidata8 Jan 1878
Plewiska		12 Aug 1948
Poznań
Adam Danielewicz Edit this on Wikidata23 Dec 1846
Koźminek		25 Jun 1935
Warsaw
Ryszard Engelking Edit this on Wikidata16 Nov 1935
Sosnowiec		16 Nov 2023
Warsaw
Tadeusz Figiel Edit this on Wikidata2 Jul 1948
Gdańsk		8 Sep 2025
Urszula Forys Edit this on Wikidata1965
Kajetan Garbiński Edit this on Wikidata1796[1][2]
Warsaw		1847[1][2]
Warsaw
Stanisław Gołąb Edit this on Wikidata26 Jul 1902[24][25]
Travnik		30 Apr 1980
Kraków
Stanisław Grzepski Edit this on Wikidata1524[26][1][27], 15241570[26][1][27]
Kraków
Edward Jan Habich Edit this on Wikidata31 Jan 1835
Warsaw		31 Oct 1909
Lima
Witold Hurewicz Edit this on Wikidata29 Jun 1904[28][29][4]
Łódź[30]		6 Sep 1956[28][29][4]
Mérida[29][31]
Henryk Iwaniec Edit this on Wikidata9 Oct 1947[32]
Elbląg
Tadeusz Iwaniec Edit this on Wikidata9 Oct 1947
Elbląg
Zygmunt Janiszewski Edit this on Wikidata12 Jun 1888[33][34]
Warsaw		3 Jan 1920[33]
Lviv
Stanisław Jaśkowski Edit this on Wikidata22 Apr 1906
Warsaw		16 Nov 1965
Warsaw
Mark Kac Edit this on Wikidata3 Aug 1914[35][36][37]
Kremenets[36]		25 Oct 1984[38][39][40]
Los Angeles[38][41]
Stefan Kaczmarz Edit this on Wikidata20 Mar 1895[42]
Sambir		Sep 1939[43][1][2]
Poland[42]
Andrzej Kapiszewski Edit this on Wikidata8 Sep 1948
Kraków		5 May 2007
Kraków
Marek Karpinski Edit this on Wikidata25 Mar 1948
Dawid Kielak Edit this on Wikidata
Bronisław Knaster Edit this on Wikidata22 May 1893
Warsaw		3 Nov 1980
Wrocław[44]
Adam Adamandy Kochański Edit this on Wikidata5 Aug 1631
Dobrzyń nad Wisłą		17 May 1700
Teplice
Sławomir Kołodziej Edit this on Wikidata12 Mar 1961
Bielsko-Biała
Stanisław Krajewski Edit this on Wikidata1950[1][45]
Warsaw
Anna Zofia Krygowska Edit this on Wikidata19 Sep 1904[46]
Lviv[46]		16 May 1988[46]
Kraków[46]
Zdzisław Krygowski Edit this on Wikidata22 Dec 1872[12]
Lviv		10 Aug 1955[12]
Poznań
Adrian Krzyżanowski Edit this on Wikidata8 Sep 1788[47]
Dębowo[48]		25 Aug 1852[47]
Warsaw[48]
Marek Kuczma Edit this on Wikidata10 Oct 1935[49]
Katowice		13 Jun 1991[49]
Katowice
Krystyna Kuperberg Edit this on Wikidata17 Jul 1944[50]
Tarnów
Włodzimierz Kuperberg Edit this on Wikidata19 Jan 1941[51]
Kazimierz Kuratowski Edit this on Wikidata2 Feb 1896[52][53][4]
Warsaw[7]		18 Jun 1980[52][53][4]
Warsaw
Irena Lasiecka Edit this on Wikidata4 Feb 1948
Warsaw
Franciszek Leja Edit this on Wikidata27 Jan 1885
Grodzisko Górne		11 Oct 1979
Kraków
Mariusz Lemańczyk Edit this on Wikidata3 Feb 1958
Toruń
Stanisław Leśniewski Edit this on Wikidata30 Mar 1886[54][4][55]
Serpukhov		13 May 1939[54][4][55]
Warsaw
Marta Lewicka Edit this on Wikidata23 Nov 1972
Gdańsk
Izabella Łaba Edit this on Wikidata1966[1]
Stanisław Łojasiewicz Edit this on Wikidata9 Oct 1926[56]
Warsaw		14 Nov 2002[56]
Italy
Jerzy Łoś Edit this on Wikidata22 Mar 1920[57][58]
Lviv[57]		1 Jun 1998[57][58]
Warsaw
Tomasz Łuczak Edit this on Wikidata13 Mar 1963
Poznań
Jan Łukasiewicz Edit this on Wikidata21 Dec 1878[59][60][6]
Lviv		13 Feb 1956[59][60][6]
Dublin
Zbigniew Marciniak Edit this on Wikidata9 Apr 1952
Warsaw
Józef Marcinkiewicz Edit this on Wikidata30 Mar 1910[61]
Cimoszka[61]		1940[61][62][1]
Kharkiv[63][64]
Edward Marczewski Edit this on Wikidata15 Nov 1907[65]
Warsaw		17 Oct 1976[65]
Wrocław
Stefan Mazurkiewicz Edit this on Wikidata25 Sep 1888[66][67][6]
Warsaw		19 Jun 1945[66][67][6]
Grodzisk Mazowiecki[67]
Jan Mikusiński Edit this on Wikidata3 Apr 1913[68]
Ivano-Frankivsk[68]		27 Jul 1987[68]
Katowice
Witold Milewski Edit this on Wikidata1817[2]
Poznań		1889[2]
Poznań
Michał Misiurewicz Edit this on Wikidata9 Nov 1948
Warsaw
Andrzej Mostowski Edit this on Wikidata1 Nov 1913[69][70][12]
Lviv		22 Aug 1975[69][70][12]
Vancouver
Jan Mycielski Edit this on Wikidata7 Feb 1932
Wiśniowa		18 Jan 2025[71]
Boulder[71]
Edward Neuman Edit this on Wikidata19 Sep 1943
Rydułtowy
Jerzy Neyman Edit this on Wikidata16 Apr 1894[72][73][4]
Bender		5 Aug 1981[72][73][4]
Oakland
Otto M. Nikodym Edit this on Wikidata13 Aug 1887[74]
Zabolotiv[75]		4 May 1974[74]
Utica[75]
Andrzej S. Nowak Edit this on Wikidata29 Oct 1952
Żagań
Andrew M. Odlyzko Edit this on Wikidata23 Jul 1949
Tarnów
Czesław Olech Edit this on Wikidata22 May 1931[76][77][78]
Pińczów[76]		1 Jul 2015[77][78]
Warsaw[77]
Janusz Onyszkiewicz Edit this on Wikidata18 Dec 1937
Lviv
Władysław Orlicz Edit this on Wikidata24 May 1903[79][80]
Okocim[80]		9 Aug 1990[80]
Poznań[80]
Zdzisław Pawlak Edit this on Wikidata10 Nov 1926[81]
Łódź		7 Apr 2006[81]
Warsaw
Marcin Odlanicki Poczobutt Edit this on Wikidata30 Oct 1728[82]
Salomienka		8 Feb 1810
Daugavpils
Emil Leon Post Edit this on Wikidata11 Feb 1897[83][84][4]
Augustów[83]		21 Apr 1954[83][84][4]
New York City[83]
Przemysław Prusinkiewicz Edit this on Wikidata1952[85][2][86]
Józef Przytycki Edit this on Wikidata14 Oct 1953[87]
Warsaw
Stanisław Radziszowski Edit this on Wikidata7 Jun 1953
Gdańsk
Maksym Radziwill Edit this on Wikidata24 Feb 1988
Moscow
Aleksander Rajchman Edit this on Wikidata13 Nov 1890[12]
Warsaw		7 Jun 1940[1][2][88]
Sachsenhausen concentration camp[89]
Jan Rajewski Edit this on Wikidata14 May 1857[12]1906[2]
Lviv
Marian Rejewski Edit this on Wikidata16 Aug 1905[90][91]
Bydgoszcz		13 Feb 1980[91][12]
Warsaw
Helena Rasiowa Edit this on Wikidata20 Jun 1917[92][93]
Vienna		9 Aug 1994[92][93]
Warsaw
Jerzy Różycki Edit this on Wikidata24 Jul 1909[12]
Vilshana		9 Jan 1942[12]
Mediterranean Sea
Jan Rusinek Edit this on Wikidata2 Dec 1950
Kraków
Andrzej Piotr Ruszczyński Edit this on Wikidata29 Jul 1951
Częstochowa
Czesław Ryll-Nardzewski Edit this on Wikidata7 Oct 1926
Vilnius		18 Sep 2015
Wrocław
Stanisław Saks Edit this on Wikidata30 Dec 1897[94][95][12]
Kalisz		23 Nov 1942[94][95][12]
Warsaw
Wojciech Samotij Edit this on Wikidata1983
Wrocław
Juliusz Schauder Edit this on Wikidata21 Sep 1899[96][12]
Lviv		1943[97][1][12]
Lviv
Marcin Schroeder Edit this on Wikidata10 Jan 1953
Wrocław
Wacław Sierpiński Edit this on Wikidata14 Mar 1882[98]
Warsaw		21 Oct 1969[99][100][37]
Warsaw[9]
Roman Sikorski Edit this on Wikidata11 Jul 1920[101][102][12]
Mszczonów		12 Sep 1983[102][12]
Warsaw
Zdzisław Skupień Edit this on Wikidata27 Nov 1938
Świlcza		1 Jan 2025
Agata Smoktunowicz Edit this on Wikidata12 Oct 1973
Warsaw
Joachim Stegmann Edit this on Wikidata1595[103][1][12]
Neuruppin		1633[104][103][1]
Cluj-Napoca
Hugo Steinhaus Edit this on Wikidata14 Jan 1887[105][4][12]
Jasło		25 Feb 1972[105][4][12]
Wrocław
Włodzimierz Stożek Edit this on Wikidata23 Jul 1883[12]
Velyki Mosty[106]		4 Jul 1941[12][106]
Lviv[106]
Zofia Szmydt Edit this on Wikidata29 Jul 1923
Warsaw		26 Nov 2010
Warsaw
Edyta Szymańska Edit this on Wikidata8 Dec 197018 Mar 2015
Władysław Ślebodziński Edit this on Wikidata6 Feb 1884[107]
Pysznica[107]		3 Jan 1972[108]
Wrocław
Jan Śniadecki Edit this on Wikidata29 Aug 1756[109][60][12]
Żnin[110]		9 Nov 1830[60][19], 21 Nov 1830[111]
Jašiūnai
Alfred Tarski Edit this on Wikidata14 Jan 1901[112][113][4]
Warsaw[114][115]		26 Oct 1983[112][113][4]
Berkeley
Nicole Tomczak-Jaegermann Edit this on Wikidata8 Jun 1945
Paris		17 Jun 2022
Edmonton[116]
Andrzej Trybulec Edit this on Wikidata29 Jan 1941
Kraków		11 Sep 2013
Białystok
Stanisław Trybuła Edit this on Wikidata2 Jan 1932
Rafalivka		7 Jan 2008
Wrocław
Stanisław Ulam Edit this on Wikidata13 Apr 1909[117][118]
Lviv		13 May 1984[119][55][4]
Santa Fe
Kazimierz Urbanik Edit this on Wikidata5 Feb 1930[120]
Kremenets[120]		29 May 2005[120]
Wrocław[120]
Arnold Walfisz Edit this on Wikidata2 Jul 1892[121]
Warsaw		29 May 1962[121]
Tbilisi[121]
Mieczysław Warmus Edit this on Wikidata1 Jun 191820 Sep 2007
Australia
Tadeusz Ważewski Edit this on Wikidata24 Sep 1896[122][123]
Horishnia Vyhnanka[124]		5 Sep 1972[122][123]
Rabka-Zdrój[122]
Jan Węglarz Edit this on Wikidata1947[125][2][126]
Poznań[126]
Witold Wilkosz Edit this on Wikidata14 Aug 1891[127]
Kraków		31 Mar 1941[127]
Kraków
Vitello Edit this on Wikidata1230[26]1275[62][26]
Abbaye de Vicogne[128]
Józef Maria Hoene-Wroński Edit this on Wikidata23 Aug 1776[129][130][131]
Wolsztyn[7][132]		9 Aug 1853[133]
Paris[7][132]
Ignacy Zaborowski Edit this on Wikidata2 Nov 175410 Jan 1803
Warsaw
Władysław Zajączkowski Edit this on Wikidata12 Apr 1837[134]
Strzyżów[134]		8 Oct 1898, 7 Oct 1898[134]
Lviv[134]
Kazimierz Zarankiewicz Edit this on Wikidata2 May 1902[135]
Częstochowa		5 Sep 1959[135]
London[135]
Stanisław Zaremba Edit this on Wikidata3 Oct 1863[136][137]
Romanivka[137]		23 Nov 1942[136][137]
Kraków[137]
Stanisław Krystyn Zaremba Edit this on Wikidata1903[1][2]
Kraków		1990[1][2]
Aberystwyth
Olgierd Zienkiewicz Edit this on Wikidata18 May 1921[138][139]
Caterham[139]		2 Jan 2009[140][138][139]
Swansea
Maciej Zworski Edit this on Wikidata8 Oct 1963
Wrocław
Henryk Zygalski Edit this on Wikidata15 Jul 1908[141][12]
Poznań		30 Aug 1978[141][12]
Liss[141]
Antoni Zygmund Edit this on Wikidata26 Dec 1900[142][143][144]
Warsaw		30 May 1992[145][146][55]
Chicago
Teofil Żebrawski Edit this on Wikidata5 Apr 1800[147]
Wojnicz[147]		5 Feb 1887[147]
Kraków[147]
Wiesław Żelazko Edit this on Wikidata16 Feb 1933[148]
Łódź		6 Nov 2025
Kazimierz Żorawski Edit this on Wikidata22 Jun 1866[149][150][75]
Szczurzyn[150][75]		23 Jan 1953[150][149][75]
Warsaw[150][75]
Wawrzyniec Żmurko Edit this on Wikidata10 Jul 1824[151]
Yavoriv[151]		3 Apr 1889
Lviv[151]

References

[edit]
  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 NUKAT, Wikidata Q11789729
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 MAK (in Polish), Wikidata Q105192847
  3. 1 2 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Andrzej Alexiewicz", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 SNAC, Wikidata Q29861311
  5. 1 2 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Stefan Banach", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Brockhaus Enzyklopädie (in German), F. A. Brockhaus AG, 1796, OL 19088695W, Wikidata Q237227
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Большая советская энциклопедия: [в 30 т.] (in Russian) (3rd ed.), Moscow: The Great Russian Encyclopedia, 1969, OCLC 14476314, Wikidata Q17378135
  8. ↑ BnF 12281286s
  9. 1 2 Czech National Authority Database, Wikidata Q13550863
  10. 1 2 3 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Tadeusz Banachiewicz", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  11. 1 2 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Kazimierz Bartel", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Internetowy Polski Słownik Biograficzny (in Polish), Wikidata Q96022943
  13. ↑ https://www.mimuw.edu.pl/nie-zyje-prof-andrzej-szczepan-bialynicki-birula
  14. 1 2 BnF 12574018s
  15. 1 2 BnF 128599595
  16. 1 2 3 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Karol Borsuk", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  17. 1 2 Archivio di Autorità del Museo Galileo (in Italian), Wikidata Q105263158
  18. 1 2 BnF 121193882
  19. 1 2 The Fine Art Archive Db, Wikidata Q107456632
  20. ↑ Enzyklopädie des europäischen Ostens (in German), Wikidata Q1346189
  21. ↑ Wojciech Włodarczyk (12 January 2018). "Chwistek, Leon". Grove Art Online. doi:10.1093/GAO/9781884446054.ARTICLE.T017695. Wikidata Q103897554.
  22. ↑ http://data.bnf.fr/12119388/leon_chwistek/
  23. ↑ http://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/Chwistek-Leon;3886287.html
  24. ↑ O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Stanisław Gołąb", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  25. ↑ BnF 128972289
  26. 1 2 3 4 CERL Thesaurus, Consortium of European Research Libraries, Wikidata Q60909659
  27. 1 2 Bibliografie dějin Českých zemí (in Czech), Wikidata Q63411600
  28. 1 2 BnF 12347779p
  29. 1 2 3 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Witold Hurewicz", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  30. ↑ https://www.ams.org/journals/bull/1957-63-02/S0002-9904-1957-10101-3/S0002-9904-1957-10101-3.pdf
  31. ↑ https://books.google.cat/books?id=hB73AwAAQBAJ
  32. ↑ https://www.shawprize.org/prizes-and-laureates/mathematical-sciences/2015/autobiography-of-henryk-iwaniec
  33. 1 2 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Zygmunt Janiszewski", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  34. ↑ https://books.google.cat/books?id=4siw31DPONUC
  35. ↑ BnF 12371385p
  36. 1 2 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Mark Kac", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  37. 1 2 Biografisch Portaal, Wikidata Q1868372
  38. 1 2 Catalogus Professorum Academiae Rheno-Traiectinae, Wikidata Q23825128
  39. ↑ Leidse Hoogleraren (in Dutch), Wikidata Q23667505
  40. ↑ https://physicstoday.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.2814542
  41. ↑ https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2814542
  42. 1 2 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Stefan Kaczmarz", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  43. ↑ International Standard Name Identifier, Wikidata Q423048
  44. ↑ O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Bronisław Knaster", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  45. ↑ AlKindi, Wikidata Q101207543
  46. 1 2 3 4 Leksykon profesorów Akademii Pedagogicznej im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej 1946-2006 (in Polish). 2006. ISBN 83-7271-395-2. Wikidata Q138646375.
  47. 1 2 https://kapica.org.pl/adrian-krzyzanowski-1788-1852/
  48. 1 2 http://tnk.krakow.pl/czlonkowie/krzyzanowski-adrian/
  49. 1 2 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Marek Kuczma", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  50. ↑ O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Krystyna Kuperberg", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  51. ↑ BnF 145464913
  52. 1 2 BnF 122984371
  53. 1 2 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Kazimierz Kuratowski", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  54. 1 2 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Stanisław Leśniewski", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  55. 1 2 3 4 Encyclopædia Britannica, Wikidata Q5375741
  56. 1 2 BnF 123550366
  57. 1 2 3 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Jerzy Łoś", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  58. 1 2 BnF 16007839x
  59. 1 2 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Jan Łukasiewicz", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  60. 1 2 3 4 Internet Philosophy Ontology project, Wikidata Q6023365
  61. 1 2 3 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Józef Marcinkiewicz", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  62. 1 2 LIBRIS, 1.0, National Library of Sweden, Wikidata Q1798125
  63. ↑ https://doi.org/10.4064/bc95-0-10
  64. ↑ https://zsckrjanow.edu.pl/2020/03/33360/
  65. 1 2 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Edward Marczewski", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  66. 1 2 BnF 11208126j
  67. 1 2 3 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Stefan Mazurkiewicz", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  68. 1 2 3 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Jan Mikusiński", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  69. 1 2 BnF 128598754
  70. 1 2 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Andrzej Mostowski", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  71. 1 2 https://www.dailycamera.com/obituaries/jan-mycielski/
  72. 1 2 BnF 122994614
  73. 1 2 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Jerzy Neyman", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  74. 1 2 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Otto M. Nikodym", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  75. 1 2 3 4 5 6 group of authors, Internetowa encyklopedia PWN (in Polish), Wikidata Q4041526
  76. 1 2 http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Olech.html
  77. 1 2 3 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Czesław Olech", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  78. 1 2 BnF 121641917
  79. ↑ BnF 122104452
  80. 1 2 3 4 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Władysław Orlicz", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  81. 1 2 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Zdzisław Pawlak", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  82. ↑ https://www.ipsb.nina.gov.pl/a/biografia/marcin-poczobut-1728-1810-jezuita-astronom-rektor-wiesz
  83. 1 2 3 4 http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Post.html
  84. 1 2 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Emil Leon Post", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  85. ↑ CONOR.SI, Wikidata Q16744133
  86. ↑ Trove, Wikidata Q18609226
  87. ↑ Library of Congress Authorities, Library of Congress, Wikidata Q13219454
  88. ↑ https://ltu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A1203827
  89. ↑ https://ltu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1203827/FULLTEXT01.pdf
  90. ↑ http://marianrejewski.pl/wp/biografia/
  91. 1 2 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Marian Rejewski", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  92. 1 2 BnF 12859886s
  93. 1 2 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Helena Rasiowa", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  94. 1 2 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Stanisław Saks", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  95. 1 2 BnF 12859954f
  96. ↑ O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Juliusz Schauder", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  97. ↑ Faceted Application of Subject Terminology, Wikidata Q3294867
  98. ↑ Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija Online (in Lithuanian), Wikidata Q76499581
  99. ↑ BnF 12280524t
  100. ↑ O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Wacław Sierpiński", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  101. ↑ BnF 12158114j
  102. 1 2 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Roman Sikorski", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  103. 1 2 BnF 120783537
  104. ↑ Post-Reformation Digital Library, Wikidata Q7233488
  105. 1 2 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Hugo Steinhaus", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  106. 1 2 3 various authors, Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950 (in German), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Wikidata Q25666
  107. 1 2 Auschwitz Prisoners Database, Wikidata Q106652007
  108. ↑ http://math.uni.wroc.pl/~s266522/slebodzinski.html
  109. ↑ BnF 123726267
  110. ↑ http://tnk.krakow.pl/czlonkowie/sniadecki-jan/
  111. ↑ "Sniadecki, Johann". Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich (in German). 35: 211. 1856. Wikidata Q90646598.
  112. 1 2 BnF 120345968
  113. 1 2 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Alfred Tarski", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  114. ↑ https://history.computer.org/pioneers/tarski.html
  115. ↑ http://texts.cdlib.org/view?docId=hb4d5nb20m&doc.view=frames&chunk.id=div00159&toc.depth=1&toc.id=
  116. ↑ https://www.ptm.org.pl/zawartosc/zmar%C5%82-nicole-tomczak-jaegermann-1945-2022
  117. ↑ https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/Ulam-Stanislaw-Marcin;3991045.html
  118. ↑ https://www.britannica.com/biography/Stanislaw-Ulam
  119. ↑ O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Stanisław Ulam", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  120. 1 2 3 4 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Kazimierz Urbanik", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  121. 1 2 3 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Arnold Walfisz", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  122. 1 2 3 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Tadeusz Ważewski", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  123. 1 2 BnF 13520156r
  124. ↑ https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/223816
  125. ↑ Identifiants et Référentiels (in French), Agence bibliographique de l'enseignement supérieur, Wikidata Q47757534
  126. 1 2 https://katalog.bip.ipn.gov.pl/informacje/122558
  127. 1 2 WorldCat Entities (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch, and Italian), OCLC, Wikidata Q112122720
  128. ↑ https://books.google.fr/books?redir_esc=y&hl=fr&id=AX-Mi1XklNoC&q=WITELO#v=snippet&q=WITELO&f=false
  129. ↑ BnF 12215353m
  130. ↑ Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Detroit: Charles Scribner's Sons. 2008. ISBN 978-0-684-31559-1. OCLC 187313311. OL 26821008M. Wikidata Q28970153.
  131. ↑ https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-7643-8537-8_1
  132. 1 2 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Józef Maria Hoene-Wroński", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  133. ↑ https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-8537-8_1
  134. 1 2 3 4 http://tnk.krakow.pl/czlonkowie/zajaczkowski-wladyslaw/
  135. 1 2 3 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Kazimierz Zarankiewicz", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  136. 1 2 BnF 123672891
  137. 1 2 3 4 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Stanisław Zaremba", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  138. 1 2 BnF 119296828
  139. 1 2 3 www.accademiadellescienze.it (in Italian), Wikidata Q107212659
  140. ↑ http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2009/apr/22/obituary-olgierd-zienkiewicz
  141. 1 2 3 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Henryk Zygalski", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  142. ↑ Andrew Bell, Encyclopædia Britannica, Illustrator: Andrew Bell, Encyclopædia Britannica, OCLC 71783328, OL 15859174W, Wikidata Q455
  143. ↑ https://celebratio.org/Zygmund_A/article/403/
  144. ↑ https://history-of-approximation-theory.com/fpapers/zygmund_work.pdf
  145. ↑ BnF 12280001s
  146. ↑ O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Antoni Zygmund", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  147. 1 2 3 4 http://tnk.krakow.pl/czlonkowie/zebrawski-teofil/
  148. ↑ BnF 12342645
  149. 1 2 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Kazimierz Żorawski", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
  150. 1 2 3 4 Sejm-Wielki.pl (in Polish), Wikidata Q93482363
  151. 1 2 3 O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Wawrzyniec Żmurko", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
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