Kisko block
Kisko | |
|---|---|
Community development block | |
.svg) | |
| Coordinates: 23°31′06″N 84°39′57″E / 23.5184°N 84.6657°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Jharkhand |
| District | Lohardaga |
| Government | |
| • Type | Federal democracy |
| Area | |
• Total | 253.29 km2 (97.80 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 54,959 |
| • Density | 216.98/km2 (561.98/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Hindi, Urdu |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 835302 |
| Telephone/STD code | 06526 |
| Vehicle registration | JH 08 |
| Literacy | 64.54% |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Lohardaga |
| Vidhan Sabha constituency | Lohardaga |
| Website | lohardaga |
Kisko block is a community development block (CD block in the Lohardaga subdivision of Lohardaga district, Jharkhand, India.
History
[edit]Lohardaga became a subdivision of Ranchi district in 1972. In 1983, Ranchi district was split into three districts: Ranchi, Gumla and Lohardaga.[1]
Geography
[edit]Lohardaga district consists of two broad physiographic divisions: the hilly tract and the plateau region. The hilly tract extends over the western and north-western parts of the district. The high hill tops of this region are known as pat. The plateau region is a part of the Gumla Plateau, which is located in the southern portion of the Chota Nagpur Plateau. Kisko block is partly in the plateau region and partly in the hilly tract.[2]
Kisko block is bounded by Latehar block to the north, Kuru block and Lohardaga block to the east, Senha block to the south, and Peshrar block to the west.[3][4]
Kisko block has an area of 253.29 km2.[5] The headquarters of the block are located in Kisko village.[6] The block is served by the Kisko police station.[7]
Demographics
[edit]Population
[edit]According to the 2011 census of India, Kisko block had a population of 54,959, all of whom lived in rural areas. There were 27,692 (50.39%) males and 27,267 (49.61%) females. The population in the 0–6 age range was 9,373 (17.05%). Scheduled Castes numbered 1,663 (3.03%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 33,559 (61.06%).[5]
Literacy
[edit]According to the 2011 census, the total number of literate persons in Kisko block was 29,422 (64.54% of the population over 6 years of age), of whom 17,212 (74.89% of the male population over 6 years of age) were male and 12,210 (54.02% of the female population over 6 years of age) were female. The gender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 20.87%.[5]
As of the 2011[update] census, the literacy rate in the Lohardaga district was 78.62%, while the literacy rate in Jharkhand was 67.63%,[8] and the national rate was 74.04%.[9]
See also – List of Jharkhand districts ranked by literacy rate
| Literacy in CD Blocks of Lohardaga district |
|---|
| Lohardaga subdivision |
| Kisko – 64.54% |
| Peshrar – 54.25% |
| Kuru – 67.36% |
| Kairo – 64.36% |
| Lohardaga – 67.73% |
| Senha – 66.06% |
| Bhandra block – 63.27% |
| Source: 2011 Census: CD block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data |
Language and religion
[edit]According to the 2011 census, 36.35% of the population spoke Kurukh as their first language, followed by Sadri (32.83%), Urdu (20.01%), Hindi (7.08%), and Mundari (3.43%).[11]
Rural poverty
[edit]In 2005, an estimated 70–80% of the population of Lohardaga district were in the Below Poverty Line (BPL) category in 2004–2005.[12] By 2011–12, the proportion of the population classified as BPL had decreased to 38.0%.[13] According to a 2013 study, the incidence of poverty in Jharkhand was estimated at 46%, although 60% of the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes remained below the poverty line."[14]
Economy
[edit]Livelihood
[edit]in Kisko CD block
- Cultivators (42.1%)
- Agricultural labourers (45.9%)
- Household industries (2.25%)
- Other Workers (9.77%)
In Kisko block in 2011, cultivators numbered 12,209 and constituted 42.13% of the total workforce, agricultural labourers numbered 13,288 (45.85%), household industry workers numbered 652 (2.25%), and other workers numbered 2,832 (9.77%). Total workers numbered 28,981, constituting 52.73% of the total population.[15]
Infrastructure
[edit]There are 52 inhabited villages in Kisko block. In 2011, ten villages had a power supply. Five villages had tap water (treated or untreated), fifty-two villages had well water (covered or uncovered), forty-eight villages had hand pumps, and all villages had drinking water facilities. Nine villages had post offices, five villages had telephones (land lines), and thirteen villages had mobile phone coverage.
All 52 villages had paved roads; six had bus service (public or private), thirteen had auto rickshaws or modified autos, seven had taxis or vans, and eighteen had tractors. Seven villages had bank branches, five had agricultural credit societies, twenty-one had public distribution system facilities, and thirty-two had assembly polling stations.[16]
Agriculture
[edit]Large areas of the district were formerly covered with forests. With gradual deforestation, more land has been brought under cultivation. At present,[when?] around 32–35% of the total area is forested. Rice is grown in the terraced lowlands, known as don. In the uplands, known as tanr, a coarse form of rice, millets, pulses and oil seeds are grown. Agriculture is largely monsoon-dependent. "The wells, springs and ahars are the only traditional sources of irrigation. The average land holding per household is 1.65 Ha. The per capita agricultural land is around 0.28 Ha. Net irrigated area is 13.4% of net sown area".[17]
Bauxite
[edit]Bauxite is the raw material used to produce aluminium. Lohardaga district has large reserves of world-class bauxite across Pakhar, Hisari, Rudhali Pat, and Khamar Pat, with the mining area extending into neighbouring districts. The district has approval to mine approximately eleven lakh tones of bauxite mineral in a year. Hindalco Industries holds seven of the nine active mining leases in Lohardaga district and supplies bauxite to its aluminium plants in Muri and Renukoot.[18][19] A ropeway connecting Bagru mines and Lohardaga has been a popular tourist attraction.[20]
Education
[edit]As of 2011[update], Kisko block had 18 villages with pre-primary schools, 47 villages with primary schools, 24 villages with middle schools, five villages with secondary schools, two villages with senior secondary schools, and four villages with no educational facilities.[21]
.*Senior secondary schools are also known as Inter colleges in Jharkhand
Healthcare
[edit]As of 2011[update], Kisko block had two villages with primary health centres, nine villages with primary health subcentres, three villages with maternity and child welfare centres, five villages with allopathic hospitals, three villages with dispensaries, two villages with veterinary hospitals, three villages with family welfare centres, and one village with a medicine shop.[21]
.*Private medical practitioners, alternative medicine etc. not included
Maoist activities
[edit]Lohardaga has been identified as a grade "A" district for risk of Naxalite–Maoist insurgency. The Kuru, Bhandra, Kairo, Kisko, Jowang and Senha police stations are considered fully affected, while the Lohardaga police station is considered partially affected. Maoist groups are primarily involved in extorting the bauxite mining and transport industry. Lohardaga Superintendent of Police Ajay Kumar Singh died during anti-insurgency operations.[22][better source needed]
References
[edit]- ↑ "Lohardaga, About District, History". District administration. Retrieved 4 October 2021.
- ↑ "District Census Handbook, Lohardaga, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Page 9: Physical features. Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand. Retrieved 1 October 2021.
- ↑ "Lohardaga CD block/ Tehsil map". Maps of India. Retrieved 1 October 2021.
- ↑ "Latehar CD block/ Tehsil map". Maps of India. Retrieved 1 October 2021.
- 1 2 3 "District Census Handbook, Lohardaga, Series 21, Part XII B" (PDF). Page 27-29: District primary census abstract, 2011 census. Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
- ↑ "District Census Handbook, Lohardaga, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Map of Loharda+ga district on the fifth page. Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
- ↑ "District Police Profile - Lohardaga". Jharkhand Police. Archived from the original on 25 October 2021. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
- ↑ "Provisional Population Totals Paper 1 of 2011: Jharkhand". Provisional Population Totals, Literacy Rate in 2011 column. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Government of India. Retrieved 1 October 2021.
- ↑ "Ranking of states and union territories by literacy rate: 2011" (PDF). Page 110. Government of India. Retrieved 1 October 2021.
- ↑ "Table C-15 Population by Religion - Jharkhand". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
- 1 2 "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Jharkhand". Census of India. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
- ↑ "Rural Poverty in Jharkhand, India" (PDF). Table I: Spatial Distribution of Poverty in Jharkhand. Munich Personal RePEc Archive. Retrieved 1 October 2021.
- ↑ "Spatial poverty in Jharkhand". Mint. Retrieved 1 October 2021.
- ↑ "Rural Poverty in Jharkhand, India: An Empirical Study based on Panel Data". MPRA. 23 August 2012. Retrieved 1 October 2021.
- ↑ "District Census Handbook 2011 Lohardaga, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Tables 30 and 33, pages 40 and 44. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 1 October 2021.
- ↑ "District Census Handbook, Lohardaga, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Pages 201-202, Appendix I: Village Directory. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 1 October 2021.
- ↑ "District Census Handbook Lohardaga, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Page 10. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 4 October 2021.
- ↑ "Lohardaga, Mines and Minerals". District administration. Retrieved 5 October 2021.
- ↑ "District Census Handbook Lohardaga, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Page 10. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 5 October 2021.
- ↑ "District Census Handbook Lohardaga, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Title feature on the seventh page. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 5 October 2021.
- 1 2 "District Census Handbook Lohardaga, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Pages 201-202. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 4 October 2021.
- ↑ "District Police Profile Lohardaga". Security Scenario. Jharkhand Police. Archived from the original on 25 October 2021. Retrieved 4 October 2021.