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Billy Gilbert

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Billy Gilbert
Gilbert in 1954
Born
William Gilbert Barron

(1894-09-12)September 12, 1894
Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.
DiedSeptember 23, 1971(1971-09-23) (aged 77)
Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Occupations
  • Actor
  • comedian
  • director
  • writer
Years active1929–1962
Spouse
Ella McKenzie
​
(m. 1938)​

William Gilbert Barron (September 12, 1894 – September 23, 1971), known professionally as Billy Gilbert, was an American actor and comedian. Leonard Maltin praised Gilbert in his Movie Encyclopedia: "One of the screen's most beloved character actors, Billy Gilbert is remembered for two particular talents: his skill as a dialectician and his ability to stretch a simple sneeze into a hilarious routine."[1] He appeared in more than 200 feature films, short subjects, and television shows, beginning in 1929.

Career

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Early life and vaudeville career

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The child of singers with the Metropolitan Opera, he was born on September 12, 1894,[2] in a dressing room at the Hopkins Opera House in Louisville, Kentucky.[3] As a child, he lived in San Francisco, and left school to join a troupe of singing children. His early work included a female-impersonation act and professional boxing.[4] Gilbert began working in vaudeville at age 12, and performed in burlesque on the Columbia and Mutual circuits.[citation needed]

Entry into films

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Gilbert made his first films for Pat Powers, an independent producer of silent films who wanted to enter the new field of talking pictures. Powers invested in inventor Lee de Forest's Phonofilm company and made an unsuccessful takeover bid. Powers soon hired a former de Forest technician, William Garity, to replicate the Phonofilm sound recording system, which became Powers Cinephone. Powers opened a Cinephone studio for sound-film production in June 1929, on 40th Avenue in Long Island City, New York.[5] Among his first productions were comedy shorts with burlesque comedians Billy Gilbert and Gene Schuler. The physical plant was very small for a movie studio; surviving Cinephone shorts restrict the camera movement to one cramped soundstage.

Gilbert joined a stage revue, Sensations of 1929. Comedian Stan Laurel, then working for comedy producer Hal Roach, was in the audience at one performance (probably in London, where the show was playing in August 1929 during the Roach studio's summer layoff).[6] Laurel went backstage to meet Gilbert and was so impressed that he introduced Gilbert to Roach. Gilbert worked for Roach as a gag writer, actor, and director.

Gilbert also established himself at the Vitaphone studio in 1930 – he appears without billing in the Joe Frisco comedy The Happy Hottentots (restored and released on DVD). Gilbert's burly frame and gruff voice made him a good comic villain, and within the year he was working consistently for Hal Roach. He appeared in support of Roach's comedy stars Laurel and Hardy, Charley Chase, Thelma Todd, and Our Gang. He was featured in the Academy Award-winning Laurel and Hardy featurette The Music Box (1932). Gilbert generally played blustery tough guys in the Roach comedies, but could play other comic characters, from fey couturiers to pompous radio announcers to roaring drunks. Gilbert's skill at dialects prompted Roach to give him his own series: big Billy Gilbert teamed with little Billy Bletcher as the Dutch-comic "Schmaltz Brothers."[7] The best known of these offbeat musical-comedy shorts is Rhapsody in Brew (which Gilbert also directed). Gilbert regularly starred in Roach's short-comedy series The Taxi Boys, opposite comedians Clyde Cook, Billy Bevan, Franklin Pangborn, and Ben Blue.

Like many other Roach contractees, Gilbert found similar work at other studios. He appears in the early comedies of the Three Stooges at Columbia Pictures, as well as in RKO short subjects. These led to featured roles in full-length films, and from 1934 Gilbert became one of the screen's most familiar faces. In 1944, Billy signed with the prestigious William Morris Agency, which led to starring roles and prominent supporting roles in numerous films.[citation needed]

Feature films

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One of his standard routines was introduced in burlesque and had become established in his act by 1929: Gilbert would progressively get excited or nervous about something, and his speech would break down into facial spasms, culminating in a big, loud sneeze. Gilbert did the sneeze routine in a memorable cameo in the Paramount comedy Million Dollar Legs (1932) starring W. C. Fields, Jack Oakie, Susan Fleming, and Ben Turpin. He used this bit so frequently that Walt Disney thought of him immediately when casting the voice of Sneezy in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937). Gilbert and Disney would later work together again in the "Mickey and the Beanstalk" sequence in Fun and Fancy Free (1947),[3] with Gilbert voicing Willie the Giant in a similar "Sneezy" voice.

Gilbert as Friar Tuck and Red Skelton as Robin Hood on the Red Skelton Show 1956 sketch.

Gilbert is prominent in most of the movies he appeared in, and he often used dialects. He appeared as "Herring" – a parody of Nazi official Hermann Göring – the minister of war in Charlie Chaplin's The Great Dictator.[3] He danced with Alice Faye and Betty Grable in Tin Pan Alley; he stole scenes as a befuddled process server in the fast-paced comedy His Girl Friday; playing an Italian character, he played opposite singer Gloria Jean in The Under-Pup and A Little Bit of Heaven. He served a soda to Freddie Bartholomew in Captains Courageous. He was featured in the John Wayne and Marlene Dietrich film Seven Sinners. All of these were choice Gilbert roles, and all filmed within a single year, demonstrating how prolific and talented he was.

Gilbert seldom starred in movies but did have occasional opportunities to play leads. In 1943, he headlined a brief series of two-reel comedies for Columbia Pictures. That same year, Monogram Pictures teamed him with the urbane stage comedian Frank Fay for a series of four feature-length comedies. Fay left the series after the first entry, Spotlight Scandals (1943). Gilbert asked his closest friend, vaudeville veteran Shemp Howard, to replace Fay in the remaining three comedies. Howard had been the original third member of the Three Stooges before leaving to pursue a solo career.

Later years

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During the late 1940s and early 1950s, Gilbert worked on Broadway in several productions as an actor, writer and director. These include acting roles in Fanny, The Chocolate Soldier, and Gypsy Lady, and directing roles in The Red Mill and other plays.[8] In the 1950s, Billy Gilbert worked frequently in television, including a memorable pantomime sketch with Buster Keaton on You Asked for It. He appeared regularly on the children's program Andy's Gang with Andy Devine, and starred as the giant in Jack and the Beanstalk (1956), with Celeste Holm, and Joel Grey as Jack, in a Producers' Showcase TV episode. He retired from the screen following his appearance in the feature Five Weeks in a Balloon (1962).

Personal life

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Gilbert married actress Ella McKenzie.[4] She had appeared as an ingenue in short-subject comedies. Fellow film comedian Charley Chase was the best man. In 1941, Billy and Ella adopted an 11-year-old son, Barry, who died in a 1943 shooting accident.[citation needed]

Ella Baxter McKenzie was an Ulster-Scot whose grandfather John McKenzie was a prominent member of the Orange Order in Ballymena, County Antrim, Northern Ireland. Her father was Robert Baxter McKenzie, who always wore an orange flower on the Twelfth of July, Orangeman's Day in Northern Ireland, in remembrance of the family background and cultural heritage. Ella's sister was film actress Fay McKenzie. The family moved to America and settled in Oregon when he was nine years old. In late 1943, Gilbert appeared with Ella in a USO show, entertaining the US Marines stationed in Derry, Northern Ireland. Ella and Billy visited Ballymena in 1943; an account of their visit is reported in the Larne Times of December 9, 1943.[citation needed]

Death

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Gilbert died on September 23, 1971, in North Hollywood at the age of 77, after suffering a stroke.[3] He is buried in the Odd Fellows Cemetery.[2]

Legacy

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For his contributions to the motion picture industry, Gilbert has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6263 Hollywood Boulevard.[9]

Selected filmography

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See also

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References

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  1. ↑ Maltin, Leonard (1994). Leonard Maltin's Movie Encyclopedia. Plume/Penguin Book.
  2. 1 2 Ellenberger, Allan R. (May 1, 2001). Celebrities in Los Angeles Cemeteries: A Directory. McFarland. p. 227. ISBN 978-0-7864-0983-9. Retrieved December 30, 2022.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "Billy Gilbert", Hollywood Star Walk, Los Angeles Times, September 24, 1971
  4. 1 2 "Billy Gilbert, Actor, 77, Dead; Noted as Man 'With the Sneeze". The New York Times. United Press International. September 24, 1971. p. 44. Retrieved December 30, 2022.
  5. ↑ Film Daily, July 7, 1929, p. 7.
  6. ↑ The Stage, Aug. 15, 1929, p. 8.
  7. ↑ Film Daily, "Stars for Roach Musicals", June 19, 1933, p. 2.
  8. ↑ "Billy Gilbert – Broadway Cast & Staff | IBDB". www.ibdb.com. Retrieved July 24, 2020.
  9. ↑ Billy Gilbert – Hollywood Walk of Fame

Further reading

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  • Maltin, Leonard (2015) [First published 1969]. "Billy Gilbert". The Real Stars : Profiles and Interviews of Hollywood's Unsung Featured Players (softcover) (Sixth / eBook ed.). Great Britain: CreateSpace Independent. pp. 103–121. ISBN 978-1-5116-4485-3.
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