Alba Iulia Fortress
| Alba Carolina Citadel | |
|---|---|
Cetatea Alba Carolina | |
| Alba Iulia in Romania | |
 Aerial shot of the fortress taken in 2007 | |
| Site information | |
| Type | Fortress |
Open to the public | Yes |
| Condition | Restored[1][2][3] |
| Location | |
  Alba Carolina Citadel Location in Romania | |
| Coordinates | 46°04′03″N 23°34′16″E / 46.06751°N 23.57124°E |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1715–1738 |
| Architect | Giovanno Morando Visconti |
The Alba Carolina Citadel (Romanian: Cetatea Alba Carolina, Hungarian: Gyulafehérvári vár) is a star fortess located in the center of Alba Iulia, Romania.[4][5][6][7][8] Its construction commenced on 4 November 1715, during the Habsburg rule in Transylvania, and was completed in 1738. 20,000 serfs were involved in its construction, which is estimated to have cost around 3 million florins. The citadel was built on the site of two other fortifications: the legionary fortress of Legio XIII Gemina (known as Apulum), as well as the medieval Belgrad citadel.[9]
Restoration
[edit]The shape of the citadel, an iconic element of Vauban architecture, influenced the design of Alba Iulia's city logo when the city adopted city branding in 2014.[8] The city received 47.5 million lei in 2009 for the restoration and conservation of the citadel.[10]
Name
[edit]The citadel is named after Charles VI, known as Carol VI in Romanian, who was the Holy Roman Emperor at the time of the citadel's construction.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ Rus-Cacovean, Ioana. "The Conservation of the Alba Iulia Fortress in the 20th Century: An Image Problem for the Romanian Communist Party" (PDF). Transsylvania Nostra. 8 (4): 13–18. ISSN 1842-5631. Retrieved 9 December 2018.
- ↑ Cernuta, Radu (20 January 2015). "Restaurarea cetății din Alba Iulia e o mascaradă confuză". Vice (in Romanian). Retrieved 13 October 2019.
- ↑ "Cetatea Alba Iulia, cireaşă pe tortul turistic al Europei. Lucrările de restaurare au costat 50 de milioane de euro". Adevarul (in Romanian). 6 July 2011. Retrieved 13 October 2019.
- ↑ "Alba Carolina Fortress - The Roman Citadel of Alba Iulia". Rolandia. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
- ↑ "The Alba Iulia Fortress". Alba Iulia Town Hall. Archived from the original on 5 August 2016. Retrieved 14 August 2018.
- ↑ Popa, Nicolae (2014). "Heritage, image and territorial competitiveness.". In Dasí, Joaquín Farinós (ed.). Identity and Territorial Character: Re-Interpreting Local-Spatial Development. Vol. 13. Universitat de València. p. 122. ISBN 9788437094632.
- ↑ "The Bastionary, Vauban-type Citadel of Alba Carolina". Alba Iulia Town Hall (in Romanian). Retrieved 21 August 2018.
- 1 2 Maican, Silvia; Muntean, Andreea; Paștiu, Carmen (July 2018). Branded Cities Alba Iulia, a Romanian Example (PDF). International Conference on Economic and Social Studies. Vol. 5. Sarajevo: International Burch University. pp. 16–28. ISSN 2303-4564.
- ↑ Zgârciu, Liviu. "Cetatea bastionară de tip Vauban, Alba Carolina". Historia (in Romanian). Retrieved 22 August 2018.
- ↑ "Peste 47 de milioane de lei pentru reabilitarea Cetatii Vauban". Ziare. Retrieved 13 October 2019.
Further reading
[edit]- Anghel, Gheorghe (1987). Alba Iulia (in Romanian). Editura Sport-turism.
- Anghel, Gheorghe (1972). Ceăți medievale din Transilvania (in Romanian). Meridiane.
- Berciu, I.; Popa, Alexandru; Ursu, Horia (1968). Cetatea Alba Iulia: Fortress Alba Iulia (in Romanian). Editura Meridiane.
- Moga, Vasile (1987). De la Apulum la Alba Iulia: fortificaţiile oraşului (in Romanian). Editura Sport-Turism.
External links
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