Paulistano dialect
| Paulistano dialect | |
|---|---|
| Paulistano | |
| Pronunciation | Portuguese pronunciation: [pawlisˈtɐnu] |
| Native to |  Brazil |
| Region |  São Paulo |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
 | |
Paulistano (Portuguese pronunciation: [pawlisˈtɐnu]) is the Brazilian Portuguese term for the characteristic accent spoken in São Paulo, Brazil's largest and richest city, and some neighboring areas in the São Paulo Macrometropolis. The Paulistano and Carioca accents are dominant in Brazilian mass media and the most influential ones in modern Brazil.[1]
History
[edit]The Paulistano dialect was influenced by immigrants who arrived in the city from the late 19th century onwards, chiefly the Italians. In the early 20th century, Italian and its dialects were widely spoken in São Paulo and they eventually merged into locally spoken Portuguese.
Phonological features
[edit]- Raising of the near-open central vowel /ɐ/, as in pug [ˈpɘ.gɪ], as well as fronting of its nasalized variants, as in Amanda [aˈmɘ̃.dɐ], phenomena that are seemingly more frequent in the upper-middle class.[2]
- Diphtongization of the nasal vowel /eN/ in words such as entendendo [ẽj̃.tẽj̃ˈdẽj̃.dʊ] and tempo [ˈtẽj̃.pʊ], predominantly observed among female speakers and in higher social classes.[3]
- Palatalization of the stops /t/ and /d/ before the close front vowel [i] among younger generations, as in most Portuguese dialects spoken in the Southeast: tio [ˈtʃiu] and dia [ˈdʒi.ɐ].
- The fricatives /s/ and /z/ are not palatalized. Examples: véspera [ˈvɛs.pe.ɾɐ], isto [ˈis.tu], desde [ˈdez.dʒi].
- /R/ in mid-word coda position is pronounced either as [ɾ] or [ɹ], with the former being more prestigious.[4] Example: carta [ˈkaɾtɐ] / [ˈkaɹtɐ].
- Word-final /R/ in infinitives is often not pronounced at all depending on speaker and register as most portuguese dialects spoken in Brazil. Example: cantar [kɐ̃ˈta].
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ Melo, Ricardo Celso Ulisses de (2015). Não morda a língua portuguesa: norma culta ou norma curta? (Master's thesis). Universidade Federal de Sergipe.
- ↑ Marquetto, Gabriel (2025-12-04). "O "sotaque de Ameinda" e um candidato à fonologização nas vogais de São Paulo" [The "Ameinda accent" and a candidate for phonemicization in São Paulo vowels]. Repositório da Unicamp (in Portuguese). Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Retrieved 2026-05-03.
- ↑ Oushiro, Lívia (2015-02-20). Identidade na pluralidade: avaliação, produção e percepção linguística na cidade de São Paulo (Doutorado em Semiótica e Lingüística Geral thesis) (in Portuguese). São Paulo: Universidade de São Paulo. doi:10.11606/t.8.2015.tde-15062015-104952.
- ↑ OUSHIRO, Livia (24 December 2011). "A pronúncia de (–r) em coda silábica no português paulistano". Revista do Gel. 8 (2): 66–95. Retrieved 7 September 2021.